Abstract
Research indicates that, owing to the enhanced grain-filling rate of tetraploid rice, its yield has notably improved compared to previous levels. Studies conducted on diploid rice have revealed that optimal planting density and fertilization rates play crucial roles in regulating rice yield. In this study, we investigated the effects of different nitrogen application and planting density treatments on the growth, development, yield, and nitrogen utilization in tetraploid (represented by T7, an indica–japonica conventional allotetraploid rice) and diploid rice (Fengliangyou-4, represented by FLY4, a two-line super hybrid rice used as a reference variety for the approval of super rice with a good grain yield performance). The results indicated that the highest grain-filling rate of T7 could reach 77.8% under field experimental conditions due to advancements in tetraploid rice breeding. This is a significant improvement compared with the rate seen in previous research. Under the same conditions, T7 exhibited a significantly lower grain yield than FLY4, which could be attributed to its lower grain-filling rate, spikelets per panicle, panicle number m−2, and harvest index score. Nitrogen application and planting density displayed little effect on the grain yield of both genotypes. A higher planting density significantly enhanced the leaf area index and biomass accumulation, but decreased the harvest index score. Compared with T7, FLY4 exhibited a significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUEg), which was mainly due to the higher nitrogen content in the straw. Increasing nitrogen application significantly decreased NUEg due to its minimal effect on grain yield combined with its significant enhancement of nitrogen uptake. Our results suggest that the yield and grain-filling rate of T7 have been improved compared with those of previously tested polyploid rice, but are still lower than those of FLY4, and the yield of tetraploid rice can be further improved by enhancing the grain-filling rate, panicle number m−2, and spikelets per panicle via genotype improvement.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
T7 reached a highest grain-filling rate of 77.8% under field conditions.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- T7e0
- Outcome
- grain-filling ratee0
- Value
- 77.8%e0
- Setting
- field experimental conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest grain-filling rate of T7 could reach 77.8% under field experimental conditions”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
T7 had significantly lower grain yield than FLY4 under the same conditions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same conditions, T7 exhibited a significantly lower grain yield than FLY4”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
T7 had lower grain filling, spikelets per panicle, panicle density and harvest index, which the authors attributed as reasons for its lower yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- T7e0
- Outcome
- grain-filling rate, spikelets per panicle, panicle number m−2, and harvest index scoree0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- could be attributede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T7 exhibited a significantly lower grain yield than FLY4, which could be attributed to its lower grain-filling rate, spikelets per panicle, panicle number m−2, and harvest index score”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application had little effect on grain yield in both rice genotypes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- both genotypese0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application and planting density displayed little effect on the grain yield of both genotypes”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting density had little effect on grain yield in both rice genotypes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- both genotypese0
- Treatment
- planting densitye0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application and planting density displayed little effect on the grain yield of both genotypes”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher planting density significantly increased leaf area index and biomass accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- higher planting densitye0
- Outcome
- leaf area index and biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A higher planting density significantly enhanced the leaf area index and biomass accumulation”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher planting density decreased harvest index.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- higher planting densitye0
- Outcome
- harvest index scoree0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A higher planting density significantly enhanced the leaf area index and biomass accumulation, but decreased the harvest index score”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
FLY4 had significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency than T7.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- FLY4e0
- Outcome
- nitrogen use efficiency (NUEg)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- T7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with T7, FLY4 exhibited a significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUEg)”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
FLY4 had higher straw nitrogen content, which the authors linked to its higher nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- FLY4e0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Outcome
- nitrogen content in the strawe0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FLY4 exhibited a significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUEg), which was mainly due to the higher nitrogen content in the straw”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen application significantly reduced nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Increasing nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- NUEge0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing nitrogen application significantly decreased NUEg”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen application significantly increased nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Increasing nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- nitrogen uptakee0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing nitrogen application significantly decreased NUEg due to its minimal effect on grain yield combined with its significant enhancement of nitrogen uptake”
t0“Tetraploid and Diploid Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend improving T7 yield by enhancing grain filling, panicle density and spikelets per panicle through genotype improvement.
Verbatim
e0“the yield of tetraploid rice can be further improved by enhancing the grain-filling rate, panicle number m−2, and spikelets per panicle via genotype improvement”
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