Abstract
The field experiment was carried out in one of the agricultural fields of Al-Khalis District / Diyala Governorate, Iraq, which is located 14 km north of Baquba District, during the autumn season of 2022, in soil with clay loam textured to study the effect of organic fertilization with humic and fulvic acid and the interaction between them on the growth and yield of the sunflower plants ( Helianthus annuus L.). A two-factor experiment was carried out using three replications of the (RCBD) randomized complete block design. The first factor was sprayed with humic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 And the second agent was sprayed with fulvic acid at a concentration of 6 gm.L -1The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved plant height in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved stem diameter in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- stem diametere0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved chlorophyll index in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll indexe0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved plant leaf area in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- plant leaf areae0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved number of leaves per plant in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- number of leaves per plante0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved the weight of 1000 seeds in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- the weight of 1000 seedse0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved total yield in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved percentage of oil in seeds in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- percentage of oil in seedse0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humic and fulvic acid at 6gm.L.-1 significantly improved percentage of protein in seeds in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1e0
- Outcome
- percentage of protein in seedse0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The results showed that there was a significant superiority when adding humic acid + fulvic acid at a concentration of 6gm.L.-1 In the average characteristic of plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll index, plant leaf area, number of leaves per plant,the weight of 1000 seeds, total yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and percentage of protein in seeds.”
t0“Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
The same questions in other papers
other · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →other · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →other · physiology: pigments · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →other · quality: protein · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.