Abstract
The application of biostimulants in vegetable cultivation has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the nutritional quality of crops, particularly in controlled environment agriculture and soilless culture systems. In this study, we employed a rigorous methodology, applying various biostimulants amino acids, Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), fulvic acid, chitosan, and vermicompost along with mineral fertilizers, both foliar and via the roots, to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation. The experiment, conducted in a coir pith medium using the ‘Samyeli F1’ tomato cultivar, demonstrated that plants treated with biostimulants performed better than control plants. Notable variations in nutritional components were observed across treatments. PGPR had the best effects on the physical properties of the tomato fruit, showing the highest fruit weight, fruit length, equatorial diameter, fruit volume, fruit skin elasticity, and fruit flesh hardness while maintaining high color parameters L, a, and b. PGPR and fulvic acid demonstrated significant enhancements in total phenolics and flavonoids, suggesting potential boosts in antioxidant properties. Amioacid and vermicompost notably elevated total soluble solids, indicating potential fruit sweetness and overall taste improvements. On the other hand, vermicompost stood out for its ability to elevate total phenolics and flavonoids while enhancing vitamin C content, indicating a comprehensive enhancement of nutritional quality. In addition, vermicompost had the most significant impact on plant growth parameters and total yield, achieving a 43% increase over the control with a total yield of 10.39 kg/m2. These findings underline the specific nutritional benefits of different biostimulants, offering valuable insights for optimizing tomato cultivation practices to yield produce with enhanced health-promoting properties.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Biostimulant-treated soilless greenhouse tomato plants performed better than control plants
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- biostimulantse1
- Outcome
- performed bettere1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e1“plants treated with biostimulants performed better than control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutritional components of tomato varied across treatments
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- nutritional componentse2
- Qualifier
- across treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e2“Notable variations in nutritional components were observed across treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR gave the highest fruit weight, fruit length and equatorial diameter of tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PGPRe3
- Outcome
- fruit weight, fruit length, equatorial diametere3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e3“PGPR had the best effects on the physical properties of the tomato fruit, showing the highest fruit weight, fruit length, equatorial diameter, fruit volume, fruit skin elasticity, and fruit flesh hardness while maintaining high color parameters L, a, and b”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR gave the highest fruit volume, skin elasticity and flesh hardness of tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PGPRe3
- Outcome
- fruit volume, fruit skin elasticity, and fruit flesh hardnesse3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e3“PGPR had the best effects on the physical properties of the tomato fruit, showing the highest fruit weight, fruit length, equatorial diameter, fruit volume, fruit skin elasticity, and fruit flesh hardness while maintaining high color parameters L, a, and b”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR maintained high color parameters L, a and b of tomato fruit
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PGPRe3
- Outcome
- color parameters L, a, and be3
- Direction
- maintaining highe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e3“PGPR had the best effects on the physical properties of the tomato fruit, showing the highest fruit weight, fruit length, equatorial diameter, fruit volume, fruit skin elasticity, and fruit flesh hardness while maintaining high color parameters L, a, and b”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR and fulvic acid significantly enhanced total phenolics and flavonoids in tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PGPR and fulvic acide4
- Outcome
- total phenolics and flavonoidse4
- Direction
- significant enhancementse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e4“PGPR and fulvic acid demonstrated significant enhancements in total phenolics and flavonoids, suggesting potential boosts in antioxidant properties”
Claim · model-written summary
Amino acid and vermicompost biostimulants elevated total soluble solids of tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Amioacid and vermicomposte5
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse5
- Direction
- elevatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e5“Amioacid and vermicompost notably elevated total soluble solids, indicating potential fruit sweetness and overall taste improvements”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost elevated total phenolics and flavonoids in tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte6
- Outcome
- total phenolics and flavonoidse6
- Direction
- elevatee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e6“vermicompost stood out for its ability to elevate total phenolics and flavonoids while enhancing vitamin C content”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost enhanced vitamin C content of tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte6
- Outcome
- vitamin C contente6
- Direction
- enhancinge6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e6“vermicompost stood out for its ability to elevate total phenolics and flavonoids while enhancing vitamin C content”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost increased total tomato yield by 43% over the control
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte7
- Outcome
- total yielde7
- Direction
- increasee7
- Value
- 43%e7
- Qualifier
- with a total yield of 10.39 kg/m2e7
- Comparator
- the controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e7“vermicompost had the most significant impact on plant growth parameters and total yield, achieving a 43% increase over the control with a total yield of 10.39 kg/m2”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost had the most significant impact on tomato plant growth parameters
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte7
- Outcome
- plant growth parameterse7
- Direction
- most significant impacte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to soilless greenhouse tomatoes during spring cultivation”
e7“vermicompost had the most significant impact on plant growth parameters and total yield, achieving a 43% increase over the control with a total yield of 10.39 kg/m2”
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