Paper · 2024 · Coatings

Impact of Harvesting Stages and Postharvest Treatments on the Quality and Storability of Tomato Fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Sangaw

Bzhwean Anwar Mouhamed; Sidiq Aziz Sidiq Kasnazany

18
claims
36
verbatim quotes
4
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of harvesting stages (turning-color fruit and light red color) and postharvest treatments (distilled water, hot water at 35 °C, 10% Aloe vera, 2% CaCl2, 5% Mint, and 5% Catnip) for 5 min on the quality and storability of tomato fruits cv. Sangaw stored at 10 ± 1 °C and a relative humidity of 90%–95% for 20 days. Fruit harvested at the turning-color fruit stage presented significantly lower weight loss, greater firmness, and higher amounts of vitamin C, total phenol, and calcium (3.22%, 1118.31 g mm/s, 15.83 mg 100 g−1, 95.49 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.14%, respectively). However, the tomatoes harvested from the light red color fruit stage presented the highest contents of total soluble sugars, total sugars, and lycopene (4.36%, 3.99%, and 41.49 mg kg−1, respectively). Notably, the postharvest treatment of tomato fruits with 2% CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss and resulted in greater firmness, pH, total sugar, total phenol, and calcium contents (3.90%, 1212.39 g mm/s, 4.83, 3.85%, 95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.18%, respectively) than the control. Hence, coating with 10% Aloe vera resulted in the highest amount of total soluble solids and the highest amount of vitamin C. Tomato picked at the turning-color fruit stage and immersed in 5% Mint significantly lowered the loss of fruit weight, increased the total titratable acidity, and had the lowest content of lycopene. Additionally, the fruits harvested at the same stage and immersed in 2% CaCl2 retained greater firmness, total phenol content, and calcium content. On the other hand, fruits harvested in the light red stage and dipped in 5% Mint presented the highest total soluble sugars and total sugar contents. Finally, the harvested tomato fruits coated with 10% Aloe vera retained a relatively high level of vitamin C, indicating the storage life and quality of the tomato fruits.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 18

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Turning-color tomato fruit had significantly lower weight loss than fruit harvested at the light-red stage.

Organ / stage
turning-color fruit stagee0
Outcome
weight losse0
Direction
lowere0
Value
3.22%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“Fruit harvested at the turning-color fruit stage presented significantly lower weight loss, greater firmness, and higher amounts of vitamin C, total phenol, and calcium (3.22%, 1118.31 g mm/s, 15.83 mg 100 g−1, 95.49 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.14%, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 369–627 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Turning-color tomato fruit had greater firmness.

Organ / stage
turning-color fruit stagee0
Outcome
firmnesse0
Direction
greatere0
Value
1118.31 g mm/se0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“Fruit harvested at the turning-color fruit stage presented significantly lower weight loss, greater firmness, and higher amounts of vitamin C, total phenol, and calcium (3.22%, 1118.31 g mm/s, 15.83 mg 100 g−1, 95.49 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.14%, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 369–627 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Turning-color tomato fruit had higher vitamin C content.

Organ / stage
turning-color fruit stagee0
Outcome
vitamin Ce0
Direction
highere0
Value
15.83 mg 100 g−1e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“Fruit harvested at the turning-color fruit stage presented significantly lower weight loss, greater firmness, and higher amounts of vitamin C, total phenol, and calcium (3.22%, 1118.31 g mm/s, 15.83 mg 100 g−1, 95.49 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.14%, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 369–627 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Turning-color tomato fruit had higher total phenol content.

Organ / stage
turning-color fruit stagee0
Outcome
total phenole0
Direction
highere0
Value
95.49 mg 100 mL−1 FWe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“Fruit harvested at the turning-color fruit stage presented significantly lower weight loss, greater firmness, and higher amounts of vitamin C, total phenol, and calcium (3.22%, 1118.31 g mm/s, 15.83 mg 100 g−1, 95.49 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.14%, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 369–627 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Turning-color tomato fruit had higher calcium content.

Organ / stage
turning-color fruit stagee0
Outcome
calciume0
Direction
highere0
Value
0.14%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“Fruit harvested at the turning-color fruit stage presented significantly lower weight loss, greater firmness, and higher amounts of vitamin C, total phenol, and calcium (3.22%, 1118.31 g mm/s, 15.83 mg 100 g−1, 95.49 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.14%, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 369–627 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Light-red tomato fruit had the highest total soluble sugars content.

Organ / stage
light red color fruit stagee0
Outcome
total soluble sugarse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
4.36%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“the tomatoes harvested from the light red color fruit stage presented the highest contents of total soluble sugars, total sugars, and lycopene (4.36%, 3.99%, and 41.49 mg kg−1, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–828 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Light-red tomato fruit had the highest total sugars content.

Organ / stage
light red color fruit stagee0
Outcome
total sugarse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
3.99%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“the tomatoes harvested from the light red color fruit stage presented the highest contents of total soluble sugars, total sugars, and lycopene (4.36%, 3.99%, and 41.49 mg kg−1, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–828 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Light-red tomato fruit had the highest lycopene content.

Organ / stage
light red color fruit stagee0
Outcome
lycopenee0
Direction
higheste0
Value
41.49 mg kg−1e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“the tomatoes harvested from the light red color fruit stage presented the highest contents of total soluble sugars, total sugars, and lycopene (4.36%, 3.99%, and 41.49 mg kg−1, respectively).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–828 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

A 2% CaCl2 dip significantly decreased tomato fruit weight loss versus control.

Treatment
2% CaCl2e0
Outcome
weight losse0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
3.90%e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“postharvest treatment of tomato fruits with 2% CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss and resulted in greater firmness, pH, total sugar, total phenol, and calcium contents (3.90%, 1212.39 g mm/s, 4.83, 3.85%, 95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.18%, respectively) than the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A 2% CaCl2 dip gave greater tomato fruit firmness than control.

Treatment
2% CaCl2e0
Outcome
firmnesse0
Direction
greatere0
Value
1212.39 g mm/se0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“postharvest treatment of tomato fruits with 2% CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss and resulted in greater firmness, pH, total sugar, total phenol, and calcium contents (3.90%, 1212.39 g mm/s, 4.83, 3.85%, 95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.18%, respectively) than the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A 2% CaCl2 dip gave greater tomato fruit pH than control.

Treatment
2% CaCl2e0
Outcome
pHe0
Direction
greatere0
Value
4.83e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“postharvest treatment of tomato fruits with 2% CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss and resulted in greater firmness, pH, total sugar, total phenol, and calcium contents (3.90%, 1212.39 g mm/s, 4.83, 3.85%, 95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.18%, respectively) than the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A 2% CaCl2 dip gave greater tomato fruit total sugar than control.

Treatment
2% CaCl2e0
Outcome
total sugare0
Direction
greatere0
Value
3.85%e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“postharvest treatment of tomato fruits with 2% CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss and resulted in greater firmness, pH, total sugar, total phenol, and calcium contents (3.90%, 1212.39 g mm/s, 4.83, 3.85%, 95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.18%, respectively) than the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A 2% CaCl2 dip gave greater tomato fruit total phenol than control.

Treatment
2% CaCl2e0
Outcome
total phenole0
Direction
greatere0
Value
95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FWe0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“postharvest treatment of tomato fruits with 2% CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss and resulted in greater firmness, pH, total sugar, total phenol, and calcium contents (3.90%, 1212.39 g mm/s, 4.83, 3.85%, 95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.18%, respectively) than the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A 2% CaCl2 dip gave greater tomato fruit calcium than control.

Treatment
2% CaCl2e0
Outcome
calcium contentse0
Direction
greatere0
Value
0.18%e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“postharvest treatment of tomato fruits with 2% CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss and resulted in greater firmness, pH, total sugar, total phenol, and calcium contents (3.90%, 1212.39 g mm/s, 4.83, 3.85%, 95.60 mg 100 mL−1 FW, and 0.18%, respectively) than the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1118 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A 10% Aloe vera coating gave the highest total soluble solids and vitamin C in tomato fruit.

Treatment
10% Aloe verae0
Outcome
total soluble solids and the highest amount of vitamin Ce0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“coating with 10% Aloe vera resulted in the highest amount of total soluble solids and the highest amount of vitamin C.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1126–1244 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

At turning color, a 5% mint dip reduced fruit weight loss, increased acidity and gave the lowest lycopene.

Organ / stage
turning-color fruit stagee0
Treatment
5% Minte0
Outcome
loss of fruit weighte0
Direction
lowerede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“Tomato picked at the turning-color fruit stage and immersed in 5% Mint significantly lowered the loss of fruit weight, increased the total titratable acidity, and had the lowest content of lycopene.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1245–1443 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At turning color, a 2% CaCl2 dip retained greater tomato firmness, phenols and calcium.

Treatment
2% CaCl2e0
Outcome
firmness, total phenol content, and calcium contente0
Direction
greatere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“fruits harvested at the same stage and immersed in 2% CaCl2 retained greater firmness, total phenol content, and calcium content.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1462–1591 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At light-red stage, a 5% mint dip gave the highest total soluble and total sugar contents.

Organ / stage
light red stagee0
Treatment
5% Minte0
Outcome
total soluble sugars and total sugar contentse0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Tomato Fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–102 · show in text ↑
e0

“fruits harvested in the light red stage and dipped in 5% Mint presented the highest total soluble sugars and total sugar contents.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1611–1741 · show in text ↑

Aloe vera · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 4 positive, 1 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

calcium chloride dihydrate · quality: phytochemicals · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

16 papers: 13 positive, 3 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

calcium chloride dihydrate · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

36 papers: 32 positive, 4 negative or no effect

31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

32 papers more in this group

See all 36 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.