Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out during the winter seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/ 2013 at The Experimental Farm of The Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, El-Arish, Suez Canal University, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. The experiment aimed to study the effect of spraying tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) GS 12 cv. with different calcium sources (calcium chloride, calcium carbonate and calcium chelate as well as without calcium) at different times of application, viz, T1: spraying one time at full blooming, T2: spraying one time after 15 days from T1, and T3: spraying two times at T1 + T2 on marketable yield, unmarketable yield (expressed as fruits infected by blossom end rot (BER)), and quality of fruits after 10 days of beginning the storage period. Plants were grown under low tunnels. Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3 and other Ca sources increased the marketable yield/ fed. , and also increased fruit shelf life period expressed as decreasing in fruit weight loss and increasing fruit firmness. Foliar application of CaCl2 recorded the lowest values of lycopene contents in both seasons. Time of calcium application did not reflect any significant effect on both marketable and nonmarketable yield as well as marketability (%) and BER incidence (%), and almost pH and TSS values. Application of T3 increased the fruit contents of vitamin C (V.C), while using T2 decreased the content of lycopene. All interaction treatments with control (without application of calcium) decreased marketable yield, marketability (%), but it increased unmarketable yield, BER incidence (%), fruit weight loss and TSS in the 2nd season. Therfore, spraying tomato plants grown under low tunnels in calcareous soil with Ca in different sources had positive effects on both marketable yield and blossom-end rot incidence, total yield, marketability%, BER% and on fruit quality after 10 days of storage period compared to control.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying tomato with Ca sources increased marketable yield.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3 and other Ca sourcese1
- Outcome
- marketable yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3 and other Ca sources increased the marketable yield/ fed”
e2“compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying tomato with Ca sources decreased fruit weight loss during storage.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3 and other Ca sourcese1
- Outcome
- fruit weight losse1
- Direction
- decreasinge1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3 and other Ca sources increased the marketable yield/ fed. , and also increased fruit shelf life period expressed as decreasing in fruit weight loss and increasing fruit firmness”
e2“compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying tomato with Ca sources increased fruit firmness during storage.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3 and other Ca sourcese1
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3 and other Ca sources increased the marketable yield/ fed. , and also increased fruit shelf life period expressed as decreasing in fruit weight loss and increasing fruit firmness”
e2“compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar CaCl2 gave the lowest lycopene content in both seasons.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Foliar application of CaCl2e3
- Outcome
- lycopene contentse3
- Direction
- loweste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e3“Foliar application of CaCl2 recorded the lowest values of lycopene contents in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Time of calcium application had no significant effect on marketable and nonmarketable yield or marketability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Time of calcium applicatione4
- Outcome
- marketable and nonmarketable yield as well as marketability (%)e4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e4“Time of calcium application did not reflect any significant effect on both marketable and nonmarketable yield as well as marketability (%) and BER incidence (%), and almost pH and TSS values”
Claim · model-written summary
Time of calcium application had no significant effect on blossom-end rot incidence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Time of calcium applicatione4
- Outcome
- BER incidence (%)e4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e4“Time of calcium application did not reflect any significant effect on both marketable and nonmarketable yield as well as marketability (%) and BER incidence (%), and almost pH and TSS values”
Claim · model-written summary
Time of calcium application had no significant effect on pH and TSS.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Time of calcium applicatione4
- Outcome
- pH and TSSe4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e4“Time of calcium application did not reflect any significant effect on both marketable and nonmarketable yield as well as marketability (%) and BER incidence (%), and almost pH and TSS values”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of T3 increased fruit vitamin C content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Application of T3e5
- Outcome
- fruit contents of vitamin Ce5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e5“Application of T3 increased the fruit contents of vitamin C (V.C)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of T2 decreased fruit lycopene content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- using T2e6
- Outcome
- content of lycopenee6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e6“while using T2 decreased the content of lycopene”
Claim · model-written summary
Interaction treatments decreased marketable yield and marketability compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- All interaction treatmentse7
- Outcome
- marketable yield, marketability (%)e7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Comparator
- control (without application of calcium)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e7“All interaction treatments with control (without application of calcium) decreased marketable yield, marketability (%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Interaction treatments increased unmarketable yield, BER incidence and fruit weight loss in the second season compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- All interaction treatmentse7
- Outcome
- unmarketable yield, BER incidence (%), fruit weight losse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- in the 2nd seasone2
- Comparator
- control (without application of calcium)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e7“All interaction treatments with control (without application of calcium) decreased marketable yield, marketability (%)”
e2“but it increased unmarketable yield, BER incidence (%), fruit weight loss and TSS in the 2nd season”
Claim · model-written summary
Interaction treatments increased TSS in the second season compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- All interaction treatmentse7
- Outcome
- TSSe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- in the 2nd seasone2
- Comparator
- control (without application of calcium)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Spraying tomato plants with Ca+ as CaCl2 or CaCO3”
e7“All interaction treatments with control (without application of calcium) decreased marketable yield, marketability (%)”
e2“but it increased unmarketable yield, BER incidence (%), fruit weight loss and TSS in the 2nd season”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying with Ca in different sources had positive effects on blossom-end rot incidence, total yield, marketability and fruit quality after storage compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- with Ca in different sourcese0
- Outcome
- blossom-end rot incidence, total yield, marketability%, BER%e0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying tomato plants grown under low tunnels in calcareous soil with Ca in different sources had positive effects on both marketable yield and blossom-end rot incidence, total yield, marketability%, BER% and on fruit quality after 10 days of storage period compared to control”
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