Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the management of Alternaria rot in citrus by evaluating the efficacy of late-season fungicide programs in reducing latent infections and fruit drop. Furthermore, the occurrence of mutations conferring resistance to QoI and SDHI fungicides within an Alternaria population isolated from citrus was investigated. In field trials, high frequencies of Alternaria infections were observed on the stem end and stylar end of Satsuma and Shiranui mandarins, with a higher prevalence of stem-end infections. Fungicide treatments applied towards the end of the season effectively reduced the frequency of latent infections on the stem end, indicating that such infections occur during this period under specific conditions. While some fungicide treatments demonstrated efficacy in reducing fruit drop caused by Alternaria rot, the results varied across different orchards and years. Latent infections on fruits persisted at high frequencies in the majority of trials, highlighting the complex nature of disease management. Mutations associated with resistance against QoI and SDHI fungicides were identified within the Alternaria population affecting California citrus. Our study suggests the potential need for fungicide sprays at the onset of the season to reduce the frequency of Alternaria infections on the stem end and stylar end of fruits. However, the observed non-correlation or low correlation between latent infections and fruit drop indicates that latent infections alone cannot reliably predict fruit drop. Our findings indicate that pre-harvest fungicide treatments have inconsistent efficacy and are cost-effective only during unpredictable disease outbreaks. • Late-season fungicide programs reduced latent Alternaria infections on stems. • Resistance mutations to QoI and SDHI fungicides were identified in the Alternaria population. • Fungicide treatments had inconsistent effects on fruit drop across different orchards and years. • Targeting fungicide applications earlier in the season might improve overall disease control.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Late-season fungicide treatments reduced the frequency of latent Alternaria infections on the stem end of mandarins.
- Taxon
- mandarinst0
- Treatment
- Fungicide treatments applied towards the end of the seasone1
- Interactor
- Alternaria
Alternariae0pathogen - Outcome
- frequency of latent infections on the stem ende1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fungicide treatments applied towards the end of the season effectively reduced the frequency of latent infections on the stem end”
e0“investigate the management of Alternaria rot in citrus”
t0“California mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Some fungicide treatments reduced fruit drop caused by Alternaria rot, but the results varied across orchards and years.
- Taxon
- mandarinst0
- Treatment
- some fungicide treatmentse2
- Outcome
- fruit drop caused by Alternaria rote2
- Direction
- reducinge2
- Qualifier
- the results varied across different orchards and yearse2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“While some fungicide treatments demonstrated efficacy in reducing fruit drop caused by Alternaria rot, the results varied across different orchards and years”
t0“California mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Latent infections alone do not reliably predict fruit drop; the correlation between them was non-existent or low.
Verbatim
e3“The observed non-correlation or low correlation between latent infections and fruit drop indicates that latent infections alone cannot reliably predict fruit drop”
t0“California mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Latent infections on fruits persisted at high frequencies in the majority of trials.
Verbatim
e4“Latent infections on fruits persisted at high frequencies in the majority of trials”
t0“California mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
High frequencies of Alternaria infections were observed on the stem end and stylar end of Satsuma and Shiranui mandarins.
- Taxon
- Satsuma and Shiranui mandarinse5
- Organ / stage
- stem end and stylar ende5
- Interactor
- AlternariaAlternariae5pathogen
- Outcome
- Alternaria infectionse5
- Value
- high frequenciese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“high frequencies of Alternaria infections were observed on the stem end and stylar end of Satsuma and Shiranui mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem-end infections were more prevalent than stylar-end infections on Satsuma and Shiranui mandarins.
Verbatim
e5“high frequencies of Alternaria infections were observed on the stem end and stylar end of Satsuma and Shiranui mandarins, with a higher prevalence of stem-end infections”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutations conferring resistance to QoI and SDHI fungicides were identified in the Alternaria population on California citrus.
- Interactor
- AlternariaAlternariae6pathogen
- Compound
- QoI and SDHI fungicidese6
- Outcome
- mutations associated with resistance against QoI and SDHI fungicidese6
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Mutations associated with resistance against QoI and SDHI fungicides were identified within the Alternaria population affecting California citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest fungicide sprays at the onset of the season to reduce Alternaria infections on the stem and stylar ends of mandarin fruit.
Verbatim
e7“Our study suggests the potential need for fungicide sprays at the onset of the season to reduce the frequency of Alternaria infections on the stem end and stylar end of fruits”
t0“California mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest fungicide treatments have inconsistent efficacy on mandarins.
Verbatim
e7“Our findings indicate that pre-harvest fungicide treatments have inconsistent efficacy and are cost-effective only during unpredictable disease outbreaks”
t0“California mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest fungicide treatments are cost-effective only during unpredictable disease outbreaks.
Verbatim
e7“Our findings indicate that pre-harvest fungicide treatments have inconsistent efficacy and are cost-effective only during unpredictable disease outbreaks”
t0“California mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Targeting fungicide applications earlier in the season might improve overall disease control on mandarins.
Verbatim
e6“Targeting fungicide applications earlier in the season might improve overall disease control”
t0“California mandarins”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · Alternaria · Citrus reticulata (tangerine)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.