Abstract
In this study, Brassica chinensis L seedlings after 6 weeks of soil cultivation were treated with foliar application of TiO 2 NPs (20 mg/L) for different times. Transcriptomics analysis was employed to investigate the impact of TiO 2 NPs on the physiology, growth, and yield of B. chinensis L. Results showed that TiO 2 NPs’ exposure significantly increased the biomass, total phosphorus, and catalase enzyme activity by 23.60, 23.72, and 44.01%, respectively, compared to the untreated ones (not bulk or ion).TiO 2 NPs increased the leaf chlorophyll content by 4.9% and photosynthetic rate by 16.62%, which was attributed to the upregulated expression of seven genes ( PetH, PetF, PsaF, PsbA, PsbB, PsbD, and Lhcb ) associated with electron transport in photosystem I and light-harvesting in leaves. The water balance of B. chinensis was improved correlating with the altered expressions of 19 aquaporin genes (e.g., PIP2;1 and NIP6;1 ). The expressions of 58 genes related to plant hormone signaling and growth were dysregulated, with notable downregulations in GA20, SnRK2, and PP2C and upregulations of DELLAs, SAM, and ETR. Moreover, the 11 tricarboxylic acid cycle genes and 13 glycolysis genes appear to stimulate pathways involved in promoting the growth and physiology of B. chinensis . This research contributes valuable insights into new strategies for increasing the yield of B. chinensis .
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
TiO 2 NPs increased biomass by 23.60% versus untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis L
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica rapa subsp. chinensist0 - Treatment
- TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 23.60e0
- Comparator
- untreated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“TiO 2 NPs’ exposure significantly increased the biomass, total phosphorus, and catalase enzyme activity by 23.60, 23.72, and 44.01%, respectively, compared to the untreated ones (not bulk or ion).”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO 2 NPs increased total phosphorus by 23.72% versus untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Treatment
- TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- total phosphoruse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 23.72e0
- Comparator
- untreated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiO 2 NPs’ exposure significantly increased the biomass, total phosphorus, and catalase enzyme activity by 23.60, 23.72, and 44.01%, respectively, compared to the untreated ones (not bulk or ion).”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO 2 NPs increased catalase enzyme activity by 44.01% versus untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Treatment
- TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- catalase enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 44.01%e0
- Comparator
- untreated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiO 2 NPs’ exposure significantly increased the biomass, total phosphorus, and catalase enzyme activity by 23.60, 23.72, and 44.01%, respectively, compared to the untreated ones (not bulk or ion).”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO 2 NPs increased leaf chlorophyll content by 4.9%.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Treatment
- TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiO 2 NPs increased the leaf chlorophyll content by 4.9% and photosynthetic rate by 16.62%”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO 2 NPs increased photosynthetic rate by 16.62%.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Treatment
- TiO 2 NPse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16.62%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiO 2 NPs increased the leaf chlorophyll content by 4.9% and photosynthetic rate by 16.62%”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven photosynthesis-associated genes were upregulated under TiO 2 NPs.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Gene
- PetH, PetF, PsaF, PsbA, PsbB, PsbD, and Lhcbe0
- Outcome
- expression of seven genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upregulated expression of seven genes ( PetH, PetF, PsaF, PsbA, PsbB, PsbD, and Lhcb ) associated with electron transport in photosystem I and light-harvesting in leaves.”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica water balance improved in correlation with expression changes in 19 aquaporin genes.
- Taxon
- B. chinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise0
- Gene
- aquaporin genese0
- Outcome
- water balancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 19 aquaporin genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The water balance of B. chinensis was improved correlating with the altered expressions of 19 aquaporin genes (e.g., PIP2;1 and NIP6;1 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of 58 hormone-signaling and growth genes was dysregulated.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Outcome
- expressions of 58 genese0
- Direction
- dysregulatede0
- Value
- 58 genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expressions of 58 genes related to plant hormone signaling and growth were dysregulated, with notable downregulations in GA20, SnRK2, and PP2C and upregulations of DELLAs, SAM, and ETR.”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
GA20, SnRK2, and PP2C were downregulated.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Gene
- GA20, SnRK2, and PP2Ce0
- Outcome
- downregulationse0
- Direction
- downregulationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“downregulations in GA20, SnRK2, and PP2C”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
DELLAs, SAM, and ETR were upregulated.
- Taxon
- Brassica chinensis LBrassica rapa subsp. chinensist0
- Gene
- DELLAs, SAM, and ETRe0
- Outcome
- upregulationse0
- Direction
- upregulationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upregulations of DELLAs, SAM, and ETR”
t0“Brassica chinensis L”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest 11 tricarboxylic acid cycle genes and 13 glycolysis genes stimulate growth-related pathways.
- Taxon
- B. chinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise0
- Gene
- tricarboxylic acid cycle genes and 13 glycolysis genese0
- Outcome
- growth and physiologye0
- Qualifier
- appear to stimulate pathwayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 11 tricarboxylic acid cycle genes and 13 glycolysis genes appear to stimulate pathways involved in promoting the growth and physiology of B. chinensis”
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