Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND Protein hydrolysates (PHs) can enhance plant nitrogen nutrition and improve the quality of vegetables, depending on their bioactive compounds. A tomato greenhouse experiment was conducted under both optimal (14 mM) and suboptimal (2 mM) nitrogen (N‐NO 3 ) conditions. Tomatoes were treated with a new Malvaceae‐derived PH (MDPH) and its molecular fractions (MDPH1, >10 kDa; MDPH2, 1–10 kDa and MDPH3, <1 kDa). RESULTS Under optimal N conditions, the plants increased biomass and fruit yield, and showed a higher photosynthetic pigment content in leaves in comparison with suboptimal N, whereas under N‐limiting conditions, an increase in dry matter, soluble solid content (SSC) and lycopene, a reduction in firmness, and changes in organic acid and phenolic compounds were observed. With 14 mM N‐NO 3 , MDPH3 stimulated an increase in dry weight and increased yield components and lycopene in the fruit. The MDPH2 fraction also resulted in increased lycopene accumulation in fruit under 14 mM N‐NO 3 . At a low N level, the PH fractions showed distinct effects compared with the whole MDPH and the control, with an increase in biomass for MDPH1 and MDPH2 and a higher pigment content for MDPH3. Regardless of N availability, all the fractions affected fruit quality by increasing SSC, whereas MDPH2 and MDPH3 modified organic acid content and showed a higher concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenes. CONCLUSION The molecular weight of the peptides modifies the effect of PHs on plant performance, with different behavior depending on the level of N fertilization, confirming the effectiveness of fractioning processes. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by JohnWiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal nitrogen increased tomato biomass and fruit yield relative to suboptimal nitrogen.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- optimal N conditionse0
- Outcome
- biomass and fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- suboptimal Ne0
Not reportedSetting
Verbatim
e0“Under optimal N conditions, the plants increased biomass and fruit yield, and showed a higher photosynthetic pigment content in leaves in comparison with suboptimal N”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal nitrogen raised tomato leaf photosynthetic pigment content relative to suboptimal nitrogen.
Verbatim
e0“Under optimal N conditions, the plants increased biomass and fruit yield, and showed a higher photosynthetic pigment content in leaves in comparison with suboptimal N”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen limitation increased tomato fruit dry matter, soluble solid content and lycopene.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- N‐limiting conditionse0
- Outcome
- dry matter, soluble solid content (SSC) and lycopenee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under N‐limiting conditions, an increase in dry matter, soluble solid content (SSC) and lycopene, a reduction in firmness, and changes in organic acid and phenolic compounds were observed”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen limitation reduced tomato fruit firmness.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- N‐limiting conditionse0
- Outcome
- firmnesse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under N‐limiting conditions, an increase in dry matter, soluble solid content (SSC) and lycopene, a reduction in firmness, and changes in organic acid and phenolic compounds were observed”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen limitation changed tomato fruit organic acid and phenolic compounds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- N‐limiting conditionse0
- Outcome
- organic acid and phenolic compoundse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under N‐limiting conditions, an increase in dry matter, soluble solid content (SSC) and lycopene, a reduction in firmness, and changes in organic acid and phenolic compounds were observed”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH3 increased tomato dry weight under 14 mM nitrate nitrogen.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH3e0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- 14 mM N‐NO 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With 14 mM N‐NO 3 , MDPH3 stimulated an increase in dry weight and increased yield components and lycopene in the fruit.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH3 increased tomato yield components under 14 mM nitrate nitrogen.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH3e0
- Outcome
- yield componentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 14 mM N‐NO 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With 14 mM N‐NO 3 , MDPH3 stimulated an increase in dry weight and increased yield components and lycopene in the fruit.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH3 increased tomato fruit lycopene under 14 mM nitrate nitrogen.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH3e0
- Outcome
- lycopene in the fruite0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 14 mM N‐NO 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With 14 mM N‐NO 3 , MDPH3 stimulated an increase in dry weight and increased yield components and lycopene in the fruit.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH2 increased tomato fruit lycopene accumulation under 14 mM nitrate nitrogen.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH2 fractione0
- Outcome
- lycopene accumulation in fruite0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 14 mM N‐NO 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The MDPH2 fraction also resulted in increased lycopene accumulation in fruit under 14 mM N‐NO 3 .”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
At low nitrogen, MDPH1 increased tomato biomass compared with whole MDPH and control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH1e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- low N levele0
- Comparator
- whole MDPH and the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a low N level, the PH fractions showed distinct effects compared with the whole MDPH and the control, with an increase in biomass for MDPH1 and MDPH2 and a higher pigment content for MDPH3.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
At low nitrogen, MDPH2 increased tomato biomass compared with whole MDPH and control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH2e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- low N levele0
- Comparator
- whole MDPH and the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a low N level, the PH fractions showed distinct effects compared with the whole MDPH and the control, with an increase in biomass for MDPH1 and MDPH2 and a higher pigment content for MDPH3.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
At low nitrogen, MDPH3 raised tomato pigment content compared with whole MDPH and control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH3e0
- Outcome
- pigment contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- low N levele0
- Comparator
- whole MDPH and the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a low N level, the PH fractions showed distinct effects compared with the whole MDPH and the control, with an increase in biomass for MDPH1 and MDPH2 and a higher pigment content for MDPH3.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH1 increased tomato fruit soluble solid content regardless of nitrogen availability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH1e1
- Outcome
- SSCe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- Regardless of N availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of N availability, all the fractions affected fruit quality by increasing SSC”
t0“tomato”
e1“MDPH1, >10 kDa”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH2 increased tomato fruit soluble solid content regardless of nitrogen availability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- all the fractionse0
- Outcome
- SSCe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- Regardless of N availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of N availability, all the fractions affected fruit quality by increasing SSC”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH3 increased tomato fruit soluble solid content regardless of nitrogen availability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- all the fractionse0
- Outcome
- SSCe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- Regardless of N availabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of N availability, all the fractions affected fruit quality by increasing SSC”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH2 modified tomato organic acid content and raised flavonols, lignans and stilbenes.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH2e0
- Outcome
- organic acid contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MDPH2 and MDPH3 modified organic acid content and showed a higher concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenes.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH3 modified tomato organic acid content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH3e0
- Outcome
- organic acid contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MDPH2 and MDPH3 modified organic acid content and showed a higher concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenes.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH2 raised tomato flavonol, lignan and stilbene concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH2e0
- Outcome
- concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MDPH2 and MDPH3 modified organic acid content and showed a higher concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenes.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
MDPH3 raised tomato flavonol, lignan and stilbene concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- MDPH3e0
- Outcome
- concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MDPH2 and MDPH3 modified organic acid content and showed a higher concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenes.”
t0“tomato”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · physiology: photosynthesis · Viridiplantae (plants)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
nitrogen · yield · Viridiplantae (plants)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.