Paper · 2022 · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)

Yield and Nutritive Value of Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.) Affected by Potassium Fertilizer in Drought Conditions

M. A Karimian; Y Shiri; F Bidarnamani

17
claims
51
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-sa

Abstract

IntroductionMung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is native to India and its seeds are rich in phosphorus and protein. Drought is one of the most important limiting agents of plant production. Carbohydrate metabolism and the process of dry matter distribution is disrupted by limitation of carbon stabilization due to stomata closure and reduction of photosynthesis under drought stress. Potassium is an essential nutrient and the most abundant cation that it has a major role in plant growth and almost all related activities. The presence of potassium enhanced the synthesis of hydrocarbons and proteins, which results in amplification of plant tolerance to drought stress.Materials and MethodsExperiment was performed at Agricultural Research Institute, in 2017-2018 to study the yield and nutritive value of mung bean. This research was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plot was drought stress consist of 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from the A class pan and sub plot was including 0, 85, 170 and 255 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate fertilizer. The characteristics plant height, biological yield, seed yield, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility were measured. The samples nitrogen content was estimated by Kjeldahl set and it was multiplied by the protein coefficient 6.25 and the crude protein percentage was calculated. Van Soest method was used for measuring of insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent. Ethanol was utilized to measure soluble sugars by sulfuric acid method. The percentage of digestible dry matter was estimated according to Equation (1).DMD= 88.9 - (0.779×ADF%) (1) Variance analysis of data was carried out by MSTAT-C software and the comparison of the means was done with Duncan's multiple range test at the 5% probability level.Results and DiscussionThe results showed that drought stress treatment on all mung bean plant characteristics was significance at 1% level. The effect of sulfate potassium fertilizer on plant height, biological yield, seed yield, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility at 1% significance level and on insoluble fiber in neutral detergent were significant at 5% level. The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height, biological yield, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility at 1% significance level and on seed yield were significant at 5% level. The results showed that in the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, plant height and biological yield increased by 37.9% and 89.6%, respectively. In the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, dry matter digestibility increased by 30.12% and insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent decreased by 44.3% and 43.8%, respectively. The most amount of water soluble carbohydrate (18.3%) in 120 mm evaporation from A class pan and the highest value of crude protein (22.8%) in 90 mm evaporation from A class pan and in both characteristic application were effective 170 kg.ha-1 of potassium sulfate.ConclusionThe result showed that interaction of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative of mung bean traits was significant. Plant height and biological yield increased 37.9% and 89.6% by addition of sulfate potassium consumption from 0 to 170 kg.ha-1, respectively. Seed yield enhanced compared to control treatment (33.8%) by using of 255 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate. Drought stress decreased dry matter digestibility and it increased crude protein, water soluble carbohydrate, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent. Potassium sulfate fertilizer amount 170 and 255 kg.ha-1 recommend for maintaining of yield and qualitative of mung bean in Sistan region in non-stress and drought stress conditions.

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Claims 17

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought stress significantly affected all measured mung bean characteristics at the 1% level.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
drought stress treatmente0
Outcome
all mung bean plant characteristicse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“drought stress treatment on all mung bean plant characteristics was significance at 1% level”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1996–2088 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium sulfate fertilizer significantly affected plant height, biological and seed yield, acid detergent fiber, soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility at the 1% level.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
sulfate potassium fertilizere0
Outcome
plant height, biological yield, seed yield, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibilitye0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“The effect of sulfate potassium fertilizer on plant height, biological yield, seed yield, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility at 1% significance level”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2090–2310 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium sulfate fertilizer significantly affected neutral detergent fiber at the 5% level.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
potassium sulfate fertilizere1
Outcome
insoluble fiber in neutral detergente0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“on insoluble fiber in neutral detergent were significant at 5% level”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2315–2383 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought and fertilizer interacted significantly for plant height, biological yield, fiber fractions, soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and digestibility at the 1% level.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizere0
Outcome
Plant height, biological yield, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibilitye0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height, biological yield, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility at 1% significance level”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2662 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought and fertilizer interacted significantly for seed yield at the 5% level.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
potassium sulfate fertilizere1
Outcome
seed yielde0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“on seed yield were significant at 5% level”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2667–2709 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At control irrigation, 170 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate increased plant height by 37.9% versus no potassium.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1)e0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
increasede0
Value
37.9%e0
Qualifier
control irrigatione0
Comparator
control potassium treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“in the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, plant height and biological yield increased by 37.9% and 89.6%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2735–2942 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At control irrigation, 170 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate increased biological yield by 89.6% versus no potassium.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1)e0
Outcome
biological yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
89.6%e0
Comparator
control potassium treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“in the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, plant height and biological yield increased by 37.9% and 89.6%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2735–2942 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At control irrigation, 170 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate increased dry matter digestibility by 30.12%.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1)e0
Outcome
dry matter digestibilitye0
Direction
increasede0
Value
30.12%e0
Comparator
control potassium treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“In the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, dry matter digestibility increased by 30.12% and insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent decreased by 44.3% and 43.8%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2944–3241 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At control irrigation, 170 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate decreased neutral detergent fiber by 44.3%.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1)e0
Outcome
insoluble fiber in neutral detergente0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
44.3%e0
Comparator
control potassium treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“In the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, dry matter digestibility increased by 30.12% and insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent decreased by 44.3% and 43.8%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2944–3241 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At control irrigation, 170 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate decreased acid detergent fiber by 43.8%.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1)e0
Outcome
insoluble fiber in acid detergente0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
43.8%e0
Comparator
control potassium treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“In the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, dry matter digestibility increased by 30.12% and insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent decreased by 44.3% and 43.8%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2944–3241 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water soluble carbohydrate peaked at 18.3% under 120 mm evaporation with 170 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
120 mm evaporation from A class pane0
Outcome
water soluble carbohydratee0
Direction
moste0
Value
18.3%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“The most amount of water soluble carbohydrate (18.3%) in 120 mm evaporation from A class pan and the highest value of crude protein (22.8%) in 90 mm evaporation from A class pan and in both characteristic application were effective 170 kg.ha-1 of potassium sulfate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3243–3507 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Crude protein peaked at 22.8% under 90 mm evaporation with 170 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
90 mm evaporation from A class pane0
Outcome
crude proteine0
Direction
higheste0
Value
22.8%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“The most amount of water soluble carbohydrate (18.3%) in 120 mm evaporation from A class pan and the highest value of crude protein (22.8%) in 90 mm evaporation from A class pan and in both characteristic application were effective 170 kg.ha-1 of potassium sulfate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3243–3507 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium sulfate at 255 kg.ha-1 increased seed yield by 33.8% versus control.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
255 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfatee0
Outcome
Seed yielde0
Direction
enhancede0
Value
33.8%e0
Comparator
control treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“Seed yield enhanced compared to control treatment (33.8%) by using of 255 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3815–3914 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought reduced dry matter digestibility.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Drought stresse0
Outcome
dry matter digestibilitye0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“Drought stress decreased dry matter digestibility”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3916–3965 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought increased crude protein, water soluble carbohydrate and neutral detergent fiber.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
drought stresse1
Outcome
crude protein, water soluble carbohydrate, insoluble fiber in neutral detergente0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“it increased crude protein, water soluble carbohydrate, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3970–4100 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought increased acid detergent fiber.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
drought stresse1
Outcome
insoluble fiber in acid detergente0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“it increased crude protein, water soluble carbohydrate, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3970–4100 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend 170 and 255 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate for maintaining mung bean yield and quality under nonstress and drought conditions in Sistan.

Taxon
Vigna radiata L.Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Potassium sulfate fertilizer amount 170 and 255 kg.ha-1e0
Outcome
maintaining of yield and qualitative of mung beane0
Setting
Sistan regione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Mung Bean Forage (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–64 · show in text ↑
e0

“Potassium sulfate fertilizer amount 170 and 255 kg.ha-1 recommend for maintaining of yield and qualitative of mung bean in Sistan region in non-stress and drought stress conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4102–4282 · show in text ↑
e1

“The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2385–2474 · show in text ↑

potassium sulfate · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

potassium sulfate · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

drought · quality: grain · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 1 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative
See all 4 papers →

fertilization · quality: grain · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

41 papers: 40 positive, 1 negative or no effect

39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

37 papers more in this group

See all 41 papers →

fertilization · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

145 papers: 140 positive, 5 negative or no effect

139 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

141 papers more in this group

See all 145 papers →

fertilization · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

375 papers: 364 positive, 11 negative or no effect

363 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

371 papers more in this group

See all 375 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.