Abstract
The effectiveness of iturin A (IA) and chitosan (CTS) coating, alone or in combination (CTS-IA), against mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was investigated. In vitro tests, concentrations of IA ranging from 0.03 to 0.12 g/L, and CTS ranging from 10 g/L to 20 g/L, significantly inhibited the growth of C. gloeosporioides. Moreover, the combination of IA with 15 g/L CTS demonstrated an additional inhibitory effect on C. gloeosporioides growth. In vivo experiments, 0.12 g/L IA with 15 g/L CTS had a synergistic effect in preventing lesion expansion in mangoes after 20 days of storage at 12 °C. Compared to using IA or CTS alone, CTS-IA coating showed better results in disease control, respiratory rate, weight loss, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and fruit firmness maintenance during storage. The combined effect of IA and CTS may be mainly attributed to the enhancement of mango defense enzymes such as GR, CAT, APX, and POD induced by the CTS-IA. In conclusion, CTS-IA may have significant potential in postharvest preservation applications for mangoes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Iturin A at 0.03–0.12 g/L significantly inhibited C. gloeosporioides growth in vitro.
- Taxon
- C. gloeosporioides
Colletotrichum gloeosporioidese0 - Treatment
- IA ranging from 0.03 to 0.12 g/Le0
- Outcome
- growth of C. gloeosporioidese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of IA ranging from 0.03 to 0.12 g/L, and CTS ranging from 10 g/L to 20 g/L, significantly inhibited the growth of C. gloeosporioides.”
e1“mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 10–20 g/L significantly inhibited C. gloeosporioides growth in vitro.
- Taxon
- C. gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioidese0
- Treatment
- CTS ranging from 10 g/L to 20 g/Le0
- Outcome
- growth of C. gloeosporioidese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of IA ranging from 0.03 to 0.12 g/L, and CTS ranging from 10 g/L to 20 g/L, significantly inhibited the growth of C. gloeosporioides.”
Claim · model-written summary
IA combined with 15 g/L CTS added inhibition of C. gloeosporioides growth.
- Taxon
- C. gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioidese0
- Treatment
- combination of IA with 15 g/L CTSe0
- Outcome
- C. gloeosporioides growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of IA with 15 g/L CTS demonstrated an additional inhibitory effect on C. gloeosporioides growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined 0.12 g/L IA and 15 g/L CTS synergistically prevented lesion expansion in stored mangoes.
- Taxon
- mangoes
_from_India.jpg?width=60)
Mangifera indicae0 - Treatment
- 0.12 g/L IA with 15 g/L CTSe0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioidese1pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion expansione0
- Direction
- preventinge0
- Qualifier
- after 20 days of storage at 12 °Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“0.12 g/L IA with 15 g/L CTS had a synergistic effect in preventing lesion expansion in mangoes after 20 days of storage at 12 °C.”
e1“mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined CTS-IA coating provided better disease control than either coating alone.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- CTS-IA coatinge0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum gloeosporioidesColletotrichum gloeosporioidese1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- IA or CTS alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to using IA or CTS alone, CTS-IA coating showed better results in disease control, respiratory rate, weight loss, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and fruit firmness maintenance during storage.”
t0“mango”
e1“mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined CTS-IA coating performed better for respiratory rate and weight loss during storage than either coating alone.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- CTS-IA coatinge0
- Outcome
- respiratory rate, weight losse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- during storagee0
- Comparator
- IA or CTS alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to using IA or CTS alone, CTS-IA coating showed better results in disease control, respiratory rate, weight loss, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and fruit firmness maintenance during storage.”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined CTS-IA coating better maintained total soluble solids, titratable acidity and fruit firmness than either coating alone.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- CTS-IA coatinge0
- Outcome
- total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and fruit firmness maintenancee0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- during storagee0
- Comparator
- IA or CTS alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to using IA or CTS alone, CTS-IA coating showed better results in disease control, respiratory rate, weight loss, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and fruit firmness maintenance during storage.”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors proposed that CTS-IA enhances mango defense enzymes GR, CAT, APX and POD.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- CTS-IAe0
- Gene
- GR, CAT, APX, and PODe0
- Outcome
- enhancement of mango defense enzymese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effect of IA and CTS may be mainly attributed to the enhancement of mango defense enzymes such as GR, CAT, APX, and POD induced by the CTS-IA.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest CTS-IA for postharvest preservation of mangoes.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- CTS-IAe0
- Outcome
- postharvest preservation applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CTS-IA may have significant potential in postharvest preservation applications for mangoes.”
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