Abstract
Aphids and Sclerotinia stem rot in oilseed rape are often studied in isolation, and their relationship is rarely explored. Our field studies have revealed a significant positive correlation between the number of aphids and the incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot. Hence, starting with the colonizing stages of the two pests, Breveroryne brassicae was assessed for its potential to acquire, transmit, and inoculate Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by being sprayed with an ascospore suspension. Moreover, distinctions in aphid feeding behavior were examined between aphids on inoculated/uninoculated winter and spring oilseed rape plants or aphids, both with and without S. sclerotiorum ascospores, using electropenetrography (EPG). The results showed that aphid feeding followed by dropping ascospore suspension significantly increased the incidence of S. sclerotiorum. Ascospores were able to adhere to aphids and were carried by aphids to healthy plants, causing disease. The results of the EPG analysis indicated that aphid feeding behavior was significantly altered in all leaf tissue levels following infection with S. sclerotiorum. Specifically, aphids initiated their first puncture significantly sooner, began probing mesophyll cells earlier, had a significantly shorter pathway duration, and secreted saliva more frequently but reduced salivation prior to feeding and ingestion compared to aphids feeding on uninfected oilseed rape. Additionally, the feeding behavior of aphids carrying ascospores was markedly different from that of aphids not carrying ascospores, implying that ascospores directly influence aphid feeding behavior but that this influence appeared to be beneficial only for S. sclerotiorum infection. Aphids carrying ascospores started to puncture cells more quickly, with a significant increase in the frequency and duration of short probes and cell punctures, shortened pathway durations, and reduced salivation before feeding compared to aphids not carrying ascospores. It is clear that there is an interaction between aphids and S. sclerotiorum. The impact of S. sclerotiorum on aphid feeding behavior is directional, favoring the spread of the fungus.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid numbers correlated positively with Sclerotinia stem rot incidence.
- Taxon
- oilseed rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Second interactor
- Sclerotinia
Sclerotiniae0pathogen - Outcome
- incidence of Sclerotinia stem rote0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“significant positive correlation between the number of aphids and the incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot”
t0“oilseed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid feeding followed by ascospore suspension increased S. sclerotiorum incidence.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- aphid feeding followed by dropping ascospore suspensione0
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorum
Sclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen - Second interactor
- aphide0pest
- Outcome
- incidence of S. sclerotiorume0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aphid feeding followed by dropping ascospore suspension significantly increased the incidence of S. sclerotiorum”
t0“oilseed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascospores adhered to aphids and were carried to healthy plants, causing disease.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Qualifier
- Ascospores were able to adhere to aphids and were carried by aphids to healthy plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ascospores were able to adhere to aphids and were carried by aphids to healthy plants, causing disease”
t0“oilseed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected oilseed rape caused aphids to initiate the first puncture sooner and probe mesophyll cells earlier.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse1
- Treatment
- infection with S. sclerotiorume2
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Second interactor
- S. sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume2pathogen
- Outcome
- aphids initiated their first puncture significantly sooner, began probing mesophyll cells earliere0
- Direction
- soonere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aphids initiated their first puncture significantly sooner, began probing mesophyll cells earlier”
e1“aphids feeding on uninfected oilseed rape”
e2“following infection with S. sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
On infected oilseed rape, aphids had shorter pathway duration and secreted saliva more frequently.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse1
- Treatment
- infection with S. sclerotiorume2
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae1pest
- Second interactor
- S. sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume2pathogen
- Outcome
- pathway duration, and secreted salivae0
- Direction
- shortere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“had a significantly shorter pathway duration, and secreted saliva more frequently”
e1“aphids feeding on uninfected oilseed rape”
e2“following infection with S. sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
On infected oilseed rape, aphids reduced salivation before feeding and ingestion.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- infection with S. sclerotiorume1
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Second interactor
- S. sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Outcome
- salivation prior to feeding and ingestione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- aphids feeding on uninfected oilseed rapee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced salivation prior to feeding and ingestion compared to aphids feeding on uninfected oilseed rape”
e1“following infection with S. sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascospore-carrying aphids punctured cells sooner and had more frequent, longer short probes and cell punctures.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- carrying ascosporese0
- Interactor
- AphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Outcome
- frequency and duration of short probes and cell puncturese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aphids carrying ascospores started to puncture cells more quickly, with a significant increase in the frequency and duration of short probes and cell punctures”
t0“oilseed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascospore-carrying aphids had shorter pathway durations and less salivation before feeding.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- carrying ascosporese0
- Interactor
- AphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Outcome
- pathway durations, and reduced salivation before feedinge0
- Direction
- shortenede0
- Comparator
- aphids not carrying ascosporese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aphids carrying ascospores started to puncture cells more quickly, with a significant increase in the frequency and duration of short probes and cell punctures, shortened pathway durations, and reduced salivation before feeding compared to aphids not carrying ascospores”
t0“oilseed rape”
The same questions in other papers
infection · Sclerotinia sclerotiorum · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.