Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study is to improve soil fertility in cassava, corn, and peanut plants by using biochar technology on degraded land. This research is experimental. This trial used five treatments, No organic amendments, farm yard manure (FYM) 20 Mg ha −1 once, FYM 20 Mg ha −1 yearly, FYM biochar technology 15 Mg ha −1 once, and cassava stem (CS) biochar technology 15 Mg ha −1 once. The design used in this study was a randomized group design (RAK) with three repeats. Before the experiment, the characteristics of treatment material, namely, the manure, biochar, and CS waste biochar were studied. It was observed that cassava, corn, and peanut crops increased nutrient C, water availability, N, P, K, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). From the observations, the treatment of using biochar technology on intercropping cassava and corn can increase C by 25.7 g kg −1 , K by 177 cmol, CEC by 17.63 cmol , and water availability by16.87%. Meanwhile, the application treatment of biochar FYM technology on cassava and peanut intercropping can increase C by 24.4 g kg −1 , N by 1.3 g kg −1 , P by 12.2 g kg −1 , K by 1.74 cmol, CEC by 17.93 cmol, and water availability by 17.41%. The use of biochar technology (15 Mg ha) −1 in intercropping cassava with maize or groundnut within 2 years can improve soil fertility and maintain yields. Intercropping cassava with corn or peanuts within 2 years can increase soil fertility and maintain crop yields. Thus, biochar technology has greater potential for the improvement of degraded land in the relatively short term (2 years) and supports sustainable agriculture.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The crops showed increases in soil nutrient and water availability measures.
- Taxon
- cassava, corn, and peanut
Arachis hypogaea
Manihot esculenta
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- nutrient C, water availability, N, P, K, and cation exchange capacity (CEC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was observed that cassava, corn, and peanut crops increased nutrient C, water availability, N, P, K, and cation exchange capacity (CEC).”
t0“Biochar technology”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar with cassava and corn increased C by 25.7 g kg −1.
- Taxon
- cassava and cornManihot esculentaZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- biochar technologye0
- Outcome
- Ce0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25.7 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment of using biochar technology on intercropping cassava and corn can increase C by 25.7 g kg −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar with cassava and corn increased K by 177 cmol.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- Ke0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 177 cmole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can increase C by 25.7 g kg −1 , K by 177 cmol”
t0“Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar with cassava and corn increased CEC by 17.63 cmol.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- CECe0
- Direction
- increaset0
- Value
- 17.63 cmole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CEC by 17.63 cmol”
t0“Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar with cassava and corn increased water availability by16.87%.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- water availabilitye0
- Direction
- increaset0
- Value
- 16.87%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water availability by16.87%”
t0“Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM biochar with cassava and peanut increased C by 24.4 g kg −1.
- Taxon
- cassava and peanutArachis hypogaeaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- biochar FYM technologye0
- Outcome
- Ce0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 24.4 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application treatment of biochar FYM technology on cassava and peanut intercropping can increase C by 24.4 g kg −1”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM biochar with cassava and peanut increased N by 1.3 g kg −1.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- biochar FYM technologye0
- Outcome
- Ne0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1.3 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application treatment of biochar FYM technology on cassava and peanut intercropping can increase C by 24.4 g kg −1 , N by 1.3 g kg −1”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM biochar with cassava and peanut increased P by 12.2 g kg −1.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- Pe0
- Direction
- increaset0
- Value
- 12.2 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P by 12.2 g kg −1”
t0“Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM biochar with cassava and peanut increased K by 1.74 cmol.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- Ke0
- Direction
- increaset0
- Value
- 1.74 cmole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K by 1.74 cmol”
t0“Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM biochar with cassava and peanut increased CEC by 17.93 cmol.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- CECe0
- Direction
- increaset0
- Value
- 17.93 cmole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CEC by 17.93 cmol”
t0“Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM biochar with cassava and peanut increased water availability by 17.41%.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Biochar technologyt0
- Outcome
- water availabilitye0
- Direction
- increaset0
- Value
- 17.41%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water availability by 17.41%”
t0“Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar with cassava and maize or groundnut was said to improve fertility and maintain yields within two years.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- biochar technology (15 Mg ha) −1e0
- Outcome
- soil fertility and maintain yieldse0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- within 2 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of biochar technology (15 Mg ha) −1 in intercropping cassava with maize or groundnut within 2 years can improve soil fertility and maintain yields.”
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