Abstract
Drought stress is the key factor limiting soybean yield potential. Soybean seed formation involves a coordinated "subtending leaf-podshell-seed" process, but little is known about the assimilation and transport of photoassimilates in subtending leaves, podshells and seeds or their relationships with soybean seed formation under drought stress. To address these research gaps, two-year experiments with two soybean cultivars, Wandou 37 (drought tolerant) and Zhonghuang 13 (drought sensitive), were conducted under three soil water content (SWC) conditions in 2020 and 2021 based on the responses of their yield to drought. We analyzed the photosynthetic assimilation and translocation of photoassimilates in subtending leaves, podshells and seeds by stable isotope labeling. Compared with those under 75% SWC, 60% SWC and 45% SWC significantly decreased the Wandou 37 seed weight by 19.4% and 37.5%, respectively, and that of Zhonghuang 13 by 26.9% and 48.6%, respectively. Compared with those under 75% SWC, drought stress decreased the net photosynthetic rate and the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SuSy), which in turn decreased the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves. The podshells ensure the input of photoassimilates by increasing the SuSy activity, but the weakened source-sink relationship between podshells and seeds under drought stress leads to a decrease in the translocation of assimilates from podshells to seeds. The lack of assimilates under drought stress is an important factor restricting the development of soybean seeds. We conclude that the decrease in seed weight was caused by the decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves and the decrease in the overall availability of photoassimilates; moreover, by a decrease in the translocation of assimilates from podshells to seeds.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Drought at 60% SWC decreased Wandou 37 seed weight by 19.4% relative to 75% SWC.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- Wandou 37e1
- Treatment
- 60% SWCe1
- Outcome
- seed weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 19.4%e1
- Comparator
- 75% SWCe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared with those under 75% SWC, 60% SWC and 45% SWC significantly decreased the Wandou 37 seed weight by 19.4% and 37.5%, respectively, and that of Zhonghuang 13 by 26.9% and 48.6%, respectively”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought at 45% SWC decreased Wandou 37 seed weight by 37.5% relative to 75% SWC.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Wandou 37e1
- Treatment
- 45% SWCe1
- Outcome
- seed weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 37.5%e1
- Comparator
- 75% SWCe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared with those under 75% SWC, 60% SWC and 45% SWC significantly decreased the Wandou 37 seed weight by 19.4% and 37.5%, respectively, and that of Zhonghuang 13 by 26.9% and 48.6%, respectively”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought at 60% SWC decreased Zhonghuang 13 seed weight by 26.9% relative to 75% SWC.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Zhonghuang 13e1
- Treatment
- 60% SWCe1
- Outcome
- seed weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 26.9%e1
- Comparator
- 75% SWCe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared with those under 75% SWC, 60% SWC and 45% SWC significantly decreased the Wandou 37 seed weight by 19.4% and 37.5%, respectively, and that of Zhonghuang 13 by 26.9% and 48.6%, respectively”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought at 45% SWC decreased Zhonghuang 13 seed weight by 48.6% relative to 75% SWC.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Zhonghuang 13e1
- Treatment
- 45% SWCe1
- Outcome
- seed weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 48.6%e1
- Comparator
- 75% SWCe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared with those under 75% SWC, 60% SWC and 45% SWC significantly decreased the Wandou 37 seed weight by 19.4% and 37.5%, respectively, and that of Zhonghuang 13 by 26.9% and 48.6%, respectively”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress decreased the net photosynthetic rate and the activities of SPS and SuSy relative to 75% SWC.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse2
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate and the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SuSy)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Comparator
- 75% SWCe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Compared with those under 75% SWC, drought stress decreased the net photosynthetic rate and the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SuSy)”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Decreased photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- subtending leavese3
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leavese3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“which in turn decreased the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Podshells ensure the input of photoassimilates by increasing SuSy activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- podshellse4
- Gene
- SuSye4
- Outcome
- input of photoassimilatese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The podshells ensure the input of photoassimilates by increasing the SuSy activity”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress leads to a decrease in the translocation of assimilates from podshells to seeds, through a weakened source-sink relationship.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse5
- Outcome
- translocation of assimilates from podshells to seedse5
- Direction
- decreasee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“but the weakened source-sink relationship between podshells and seeds under drought stress leads to a decrease in the translocation of assimilates from podshells to seeds”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The lack of assimilates under drought stress is an important factor restricting the development of soybean seeds.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe6
- Outcome
- development of soybean seedse6
- Qualifier
- The lack of assimilates under drought stresse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The lack of assimilates under drought stress is an important factor restricting the development of soybean seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The decrease in seed weight was caused by the decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- seed weighte7
- Qualifier
- decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leavese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conclude that the decrease in seed weight was caused by the decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves and the decrease in the overall availability of photoassimilates”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The decrease in seed weight was caused by the decrease in the overall availability of photoassimilates.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- seed weighte7
- Qualifier
- decrease in the overall availability of photoassimilatese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conclude that the decrease in seed weight was caused by the decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves and the decrease in the overall availability of photoassimilates”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The decrease in seed weight was caused by a decrease in the translocation of assimilates from podshells to seeds.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- seed weighte7
- Qualifier
- decrease in the translocation of assimilates from podshells to seedse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conclude that the decrease in seed weight was caused by the decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the subtending leaves and the decrease in the overall availability of photoassimilates”
e6“moreover, by a decrease in the translocation of assimilates from podshells to seeds”
t0“reduced seed weight in soybean plants”
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