Abstract
Plant and animal debris are fast becoming an environmental hazard in many urban, semi-urban and rural settlements in most parts of the tropics. This is due to the poor management of this debris in the environment. Plant and animal remains if properly managed will be a rich farm resource. Therefore, a field trial was conducted in Makurdi in the 2021 cropping season to study the effects of farm yard manure (FYM) and urea fertilizer on selected chemical properties of soil and yield of okra. The experiment consisted of nine treatments; control, 2.0 t/ha FYM, 3.5 t/ha FYM, 5.0 t/ha FYM, 15 kgN/ha, 30 kgN/ha, 2.0 t/ha FYM + 15 kgN/ha, 3.5 t/ha FYM + 15 kgN/ha, and 5.0 t/ha FYM + 15 kgN/ha. The design of the experiment was a randomized complete block design in three replications. The results show that the sole application of inorganic fertilizer lowered soil pH and organic matter content. Manure application either as sole (i.e 2.0 t/ha or 3.5 t/ha or 5.0 t/ha) or mixed with inorganic fertilizer (i.e 2.0 t/ha FYM +15kgN/ha, or 3.5t/ha FYM+15kgN/ha, or 5.0 t/ha FYM+15kgN/ha), increased soil pH and concentrations of nutrient elements in the soil. Similarly, pod yield was significantly affected by manure and inorganic fertilizer; the highest number of pods yield and weight (12 and 613 kg/ha respectively) were obtained from 30 kg N/ha. This was followed by yield obtained from manure plus NPK (611kg/ha) at 5.0 t/ha FYM + 15 kgN/ha. Notwithstanding pod yield obtained at 30 kgN/ha, the study reveals that combined use of farm yard manure and urea fertilizer improves the concentration of nutrients in the soil and enhances yield of okra in the study area.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The sole application of inorganic fertilizer lowered soil pH and organic matter content.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentust0 - Treatment
- sole application of inorganic fertilizere1
- Outcome
- soil pH and organic matter contente1
- Direction
- lowerede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”
e1“The results show that the sole application of inorganic fertilizer lowered soil pH and organic matter content”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure application increased soil pH and concentrations of nutrient elements in the soil.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- Manure applicatione2
- Outcome
- soil pH and concentrations of nutrient elementse3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”
e2“Manure application either as sole”
e3“increased soil pH and concentrations of nutrient elements in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod yield was significantly affected by manure and inorganic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- manure and inorganic fertilizere4
- Outcome
- pod yielde4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”
e4“Similarly, pod yield was significantly affected by manure and inorganic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest number of pods was obtained from 30 kg N/ha (12).
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 30 kg N/hae5
- Outcome
- number of podse5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Value
- 12e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”
e5“the highest number of pods yield and weight (12 and 613 kg/ha respectively) were obtained from 30 kg N/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest pod yield and weight were obtained from 30 kg N/ha (613 kg/ha).
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 30 kg N/hae5
- Outcome
- pods yield and weighte5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Value
- 613 kg/hae5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”
e5“the highest number of pods yield and weight (12 and 613 kg/ha respectively) were obtained from 30 kg N/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure plus NPK at 5.0 t/ha FYM + 15 kgN/ha gave a yield of 611 kg/ha, following the 30 kg N/ha treatment.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 5.0 t/ha FYM + 15 kgN/hae6
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Value
- 611kg/hae6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”
e6“This was followed by yield obtained from manure plus NPK (611kg/ha) at 5.0 t/ha FYM + 15 kgN/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined farm yard manure and urea fertilizer improves the concentration of nutrients in the soil.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- combined use of farm yard manure and urea fertilizere7
- Outcome
- concentration of nutrients in the soile7
- Direction
- improvese7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)”
e7“the study reveals that combined use of farm yard manure and urea fertilizer improves the concentration of nutrients in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined farm yard manure and urea fertilizer enhances okra yield in the study area.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- combined use of farm yard manure and urea fertilizere7
- Outcome
- yield of okrae0
- Direction
- enhancese0
- Setting
- study areae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“the study reveals that combined use of farm yard manure and urea fertilizer improves the concentration of nutrients in the soil”
e0“enhances yield of okra in the study area”
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