Abstract
The efficacy of different organic and inorganic mulches in modulating the environment, growth, performance, and yield of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari from 2078 Falgun to 2079 Ashad. Okra (variety SVOK 5151) was direct seeded in single rows. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments as follows: control, black plastic mulch, rice straw, wheat st, raw, and sawdust with four replications designed in RCBD. Seed germination significantly differed with the type of mulching material used. The highest seed germination percentage was recorded from the black plastic mulch plot and the lowest seed germination percentage was recorded from the control plot. The highest plant height was recorded from black plastic mulch at 20, 35, 50, and 65 DAS than that of other treatments. Black plastic mulch enhanced the number of leaves per plant than that of other treatments. Black plastic mulch enhanced the early flowering of okra leading to increased early and total yield of okra in comparison to bare soil. Vegetative attributes and yield-related attributes were found to be significantly better and higher in crops with plastic mulch rather than organic mulches. The highest productivity (30.93 Mg ha-1) was recorded from black plastic mulch followed by rice straw (24.71 Mg ha-1). Okra productivity with the highest net return and the highest benefit-cost ratio was obtained from black plastic mulching. The highest B: C ratio (3.23) and lowest B: C ratio (1.75) were calculated from the control plot. Because of these findings, it is believed that plastic culture has positive effects on the growth and yield of vegetables. The use of plastic mulch is an absolute tool for promoting vegetable production in Matihani. Further studies need to be performed to have a better understanding of the effects of vegetable crops grown with organic and plastic mulches.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch gave the highest seed germination percentage of okra.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Treatment
- black plastic mulche1
- Outcome
- seed germination percentagee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Setting
- field experiment in Matihani, Mahottarie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e1“The highest seed germination percentage was recorded from the black plastic mulch plot and the lowest seed germination percentage was recorded from the control plot”
Claim · model-written summary
The control plot gave the lowest seed germination percentage of okra.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- control plote1
- Outcome
- seed germination percentagee1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Setting
- field experiment in Matihani, Mahottarie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e1“The highest seed germination percentage was recorded from the black plastic mulch plot and the lowest seed germination percentage was recorded from the control plot”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch gave the highest plant height of okra at 20, 35, 50 and 65 DAS.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- black plastic mulche2
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Qualifier
- at 20, 35, 50, and 65 DASe2
- Comparator
- other treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e2“The highest plant height was recorded from black plastic mulch at 20, 35, 50, and 65 DAS than that of other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch enhanced the number of leaves per okra plant compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- Black plastic mulche3
- Outcome
- number of leaves per plante3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Comparator
- other treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e3“Black plastic mulch enhanced the number of leaves per plant than that of other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch enhanced early flowering of okra compared with bare soil.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- Black plastic mulche4
- Outcome
- early floweringe4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Comparator
- bare soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e4“Black plastic mulch enhanced the early flowering of okra leading to increased early and total yield of okra in comparison to bare soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch increased early and total okra yield compared with bare soil.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- Black plastic mulche4
- Outcome
- early and total yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- bare soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e4“Black plastic mulch enhanced the early flowering of okra leading to increased early and total yield of okra in comparison to bare soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch gave significantly better and higher vegetative and yield attributes of okra than organic mulches.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche5
- Outcome
- vegetative attributes and yield-related attributese5
- Direction
- significantly better and highere5
- Comparator
- organic mulchese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e5“Vegetative attributes and yield-related attributes were found to be significantly better and higher in crops with plastic mulch rather than organic mulches”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch gave the highest okra productivity, 30.93 Mg ha-1.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- black plastic mulche6
- Outcome
- productivitye6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 30.93 Mg ha-1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e6“The highest productivity (30.93 Mg ha-1) was recorded from black plastic mulch followed by rice straw (24.71 Mg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw mulch gave okra productivity of 24.71 Mg ha-1, following black plastic mulch.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- rice strawe6
- Outcome
- productivitye6
- Direction
- followed bye6
- Value
- 24.71 Mg ha-1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e6“The highest productivity (30.93 Mg ha-1) was recorded from black plastic mulch followed by rice straw (24.71 Mg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Black plastic mulch gave the highest net return and the highest benefit-cost ratio of okra.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentuse7
- Treatment
- black plastic mulchinge7
- Outcome
- net return and the highest benefit-cost ratioe7
- Direction
- higheste7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Okra productivity with the highest net return and the highest benefit-cost ratio was obtained from black plastic mulching”
Claim · model-written summary
The control plot gave the highest okra B:C ratio, 3.23.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- control plote1
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 3.23e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e1“The highest B: C ratio (3.23) and lowest B: C ratio (1.75) were calculated from the control plot”
Claim · model-written summary
The control plot gave the lowest okra B:C ratio, 1.75.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- control plote1
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Value
- 1.75e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)] was compared in the field experiment in Matihani, Mahottari”
e1“The highest B: C ratio (3.23) and lowest B: C ratio (1.75) were calculated from the control plot”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch is recommended as a tool for promoting vegetable production in Matihani.
Verbatim
e1“The use of plastic mulch is an absolute tool for promoting vegetable production in Matihani”
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