Abstract
Phoenix dactylifera L. (Date palm) is one of the leading perennial fruit crops regarding its nutritional profile, medicinal significance, excellent yields, long life, and high adaptability to diverse climatic conditions of semi-arid and arid regions globally. Eleven major palm-growing districts of Punjab, Sindh, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were surveyed for wilt disease assessment on date palms. The date palm plantation was highly affected with Fusarium wilt diseases with 55%, the incidence in Khairpur (Sindh province), followed by Bahawalpur 47.4% (Punjab Province) and 45% in Dera Ismail Khan (KPK province). Disease severity was recorded as 65% in Khairpur, 55% in Bahawalpur, 50% in Dera Ismail Khan (Sindh, Punjab, and KPK, respectively). Sixty-three Fusarium isolates were obtained from three hundred and eighty (380) diseased samples, and thirty isolates randomly selected out of 63 were studied for morpho-cultural and microscopic characterization. Morpho-cultural characters i.e colony pigmentation, growth pattern, conidia (macro and microconidia), shape, apical cell shape, and phalidies studied were coinciding with typical characters of Fusarium oxysporum. Twenty isolates of Fusarium population was subjected for the ITS region sequence data-based phylogenetic network. The Neighbor net algorithm computed an unrooted phylogenetic network displayed as four branched genetic-network that depicted the division of twenty fungal isolates into four groups. F. oxysporum (FMB-FO-PD-011) inoculated onto healthy symptomless detached date palm leaves, seedlings and suckers under controlled as well as field conditions showed typical wilt disease symptoms. Hence this study proved that F. oxysporum is the potential cause of date palm wilt in Pakistan.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium wilt incidence in date palm was 55% in Khairpur.
- Taxon
- date palm
Phoenix dactyliferat0 - Outcome
- incidencee1
- Value
- 55%e1
- Setting
- Khairpure1
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e1“The date palm plantation was highly affected with Fusarium wilt diseases with 55%, the incidence in Khairpur (Sindh province)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium wilt incidence in date palm was 47.4% in Bahawalpur.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Outcome
- incidencee1
- Value
- 47.4%e2
- Setting
- Bahawalpure2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e1“The date palm plantation was highly affected with Fusarium wilt diseases with 55%, the incidence in Khairpur (Sindh province)”
e2“followed by Bahawalpur 47.4% (Punjab Province)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium wilt incidence in date palm was 45% in Dera Ismail Khan.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Outcome
- incidencee1
- Value
- 45%e3
- Setting
- Dera Ismail Khane3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e1“The date palm plantation was highly affected with Fusarium wilt diseases with 55%, the incidence in Khairpur (Sindh province)”
e3“45% in Dera Ismail Khan (KPK province)”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease severity of date palm wilt was 65% in Khairpur.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Outcome
- Disease severitye4
- Value
- 65%e4
- Setting
- Khairpure4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e4“Disease severity was recorded as 65% in Khairpur, 55% in Bahawalpur, 50% in Dera Ismail Khan (Sindh, Punjab, and KPK, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease severity of date palm wilt was 55% in Bahawalpur.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Outcome
- Disease severitye4
- Value
- 55%e4
- Setting
- Bahawalpure4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e4“Disease severity was recorded as 65% in Khairpur, 55% in Bahawalpur, 50% in Dera Ismail Khan (Sindh, Punjab, and KPK, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease severity of date palm wilt was 50% in Dera Ismail Khan.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Outcome
- Disease severitye4
- Value
- 50%e4
- Setting
- Dera Ismail Khane4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e4“Disease severity was recorded as 65% in Khairpur, 55% in Bahawalpur, 50% in Dera Ismail Khan (Sindh, Punjab, and KPK, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Morpho-cultural characters of the isolates coincided with typical characters of Fusarium oxysporum.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume5pathogen - Outcome
- Morpho-cultural characterse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e5“Morpho-cultural characters i.e colony pigmentation, growth pattern, conidia (macro and microconidia), shape, apical cell shape, and phalidies studied were coinciding with typical characters of Fusarium oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
The phylogenetic network divided the twenty fungal isolates into four groups.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Outcome
- division of twenty fungal isolates into four groupse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e6“depicted the division of twenty fungal isolates into four groups”
Claim · model-written summary
F. oxysporum inoculated onto healthy detached date palm leaves, seedlings and suckers produced typical wilt symptoms under controlled and field conditions.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Organ / stage
- leaves, seedlings and suckerse7
- Treatment
- inoculated onto healthy symptomless detached date palm leavese7
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum (FMB-FO-PD-011)Fusarium oxysporume7pathogen
- Outcome
- typical wilt disease symptomse7
- Setting
- controlled as well as field conditionse7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e7“F. oxysporum (FMB-FO-PD-011) inoculated onto healthy symptomless detached date palm leaves, seedlings and suckers under controlled as well as field conditions showed typical wilt disease symptoms”
Claim · model-written summary
F. oxysporum is the potential cause of date palm wilt in Pakistan.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume2pathogen
- Outcome
- potential cause of date palm wilte2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“confirm the pathogen causing date palm wilt”
e2“Hence this study proved that F. oxysporum is the potential cause of date palm wilt in Pakistan”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Fusarium oxysporum · Phoenix dactylifera (date palm)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.