Abstract
Olive is an essential industrial crop in the Mediterranean region with valuable economic and agricultural concerns. Despite its drought resistance, its productivity is restricted by extreme drought stress. Olive cultivars display considerable variation in response mechanisms to drought stress. Accordingly, the impact of mild and extreme water deprivation over two seasons compared to full irrigation requirements on growth and physiological characteristics of three diverse olive cultivars. Three olive cultivars, ‘Manzanillo’, ‘Eggizi-Shami’, and ‘Tofaahi’, were evaluated under three irrigation regimes 100% ETc, 75% ETc, and 50% ETc. Characteristics of shoot and root, as well as physio-chemical constituents, were determined. Besides, the gene expression of dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB), dehydrin (DHN), and catalase (CAT) genes in olive cultivars were explored under different irrigation regimes. The results indicated a substantial impact of irrigation level on all studied parameters. The mild and extreme drought stress treatments caused a gradual reduction in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, relative water content, root and shoot length, root and leaf numbers, branch count, and leaf area across both seasons. Conversely, proline content was considerably increased under drought treatments compared to well-watered conditions. Similarly, the assessed cultivars exhibited significant variation in all studied parameters, with ‘Eggizi-Shami’ demonstrating superiority. Under mild and extreme drought stress conditions, the cultivar ‘Eggizi-Shami’ displayed the highest proline content and most growth characteristics. Besides, the real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis displayed significant alterations in gene expression of the tested three genes related to drought response (DHN, DREB, and CAT). The RT-qPCR analysis revealed that under drought stress conditions (75% and 50% ETc), ‘Eggizi-Shami’ exhibited higher expression compared to the other two cultivars (‘Tofaahi’ and ‘Manzanillo’). Combining the results of morphological and physiological parameters with gene expression analysis of drought-related genes can offer highly validated information about drought-tolerant olive cultivars. This integrated approach serves as an innovative methodology to identify and confirm genes involved in abiotic stress.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced olive nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content.
- Taxon
- olive
Olea europaeat0 - Treatment
- mild and extreme drought stress treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- well-watered conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mild and extreme drought stress treatments caused a gradual reduction in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content”
e1“compared to well-watered conditions”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced olive relative water content.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- mild and extreme drought stress treatmentse0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- well-watered conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mild and extreme drought stress treatments caused a gradual reduction in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, relative water content”
e1“compared to well-watered conditions”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced olive root and shoot length and root and leaf numbers.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- mild and extreme drought stress treatmentse0
- Outcome
- root and shoot length, root and leaf numberse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- well-watered conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mild and extreme drought stress treatments caused a gradual reduction in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, relative water content, root and shoot length, root and leaf numbers”
e1“compared to well-watered conditions”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced olive branch count and leaf area.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- mild and extreme drought stress treatmentse1
- Outcome
- branch count, and leaf areae0
- Direction
- reductione1
- Comparator
- well-watered conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“branch count, and leaf area across both seasons”
e1“The mild and extreme drought stress treatments caused a gradual reduction”
e2“compared to well-watered conditions”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased olive proline content.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- drought treatmentse0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- well-watered conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proline content was considerably increased under drought treatments compared to well-watered conditions”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Eggizi-Shami had the highest proline content under drought.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Material
- ‘Eggizi-Shami’e0
- Treatment
- mild and extreme drought stress conditionse0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under mild and extreme drought stress conditions, the cultivar ‘Eggizi-Shami’ displayed the highest proline content and most growth characteristics”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Eggizi-Shami had the highest growth characteristics under drought.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Material
- ‘Eggizi-Shami’e0
- Treatment
- mild and extreme drought stress conditionse0
- Outcome
- most growth characteristicse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under mild and extreme drought stress conditions, the cultivar ‘Eggizi-Shami’ displayed the highest proline content and most growth characteristics”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly altered DHN, DREB, and CAT expression.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- drought stress conditions (75% and 50% ETc)e1
- Gene
- DHN, DREB, and CATe0
- Outcome
- gene expressione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant alterations in gene expression of the tested three genes related to drought response (DHN, DREB, and CAT)”
e1“under drought stress conditions (75% and 50% ETc)”
t0“olive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, Eggizi-Shami had higher expression of the three tested genes than Tofaahi and Manzanillo.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Material
- ‘Eggizi-Shami’e0
- Gene
- DHN, DREB, and CATe1
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ‘Tofaahi’ and ‘Manzanillo’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under drought stress conditions (75% and 50% ETc), ‘Eggizi-Shami’ exhibited higher expression compared to the other two cultivars (‘Tofaahi’ and ‘Manzanillo’)”
e1“three genes related to drought response (DHN, DREB, and CAT)”
t0“olive cultivars”
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See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.