Abstract
Agricultural development is one of the most powerful tools to end extreme poverty but agriculture-driven growth, poverty reduction, and food security are at risk. Plant diseases and insect pests are major limiting factors that reduce crop production worldwide. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a serious pest of agricultural crops and the use of silicon (Si) has shown promise in various crops due to its capability of changing plant defenses. Present investigations were carried out for the management of FAW on maize and its effects on the biology of fall armyworm under laboratory conditions. In field trials, silicon dioxide (SiO2) was evaluated at three concentrations, i.e., 400, 800, and 1200 ppm, against maize FAW. Foliar and drenching applications of silicon dioxide at the maximum concentration (1200 ppm) exhibited significant results, with the minimum FAW population following 800 and 400 ppm, respectively. In the 2nd complement of the research, the biological parameters of fall armyworm were assessed under in vitro conditions by feeding larvae with silicon-treated leaves. Results revealed that the larvae survival rate was minimum (36%) at maximum silicon application in comparison to the control (95%). The pupal duration was increased to 13.66 days, compared to the control with 7.66 days. Moreover, the adult longevity was also reduced to 7.67 days and fecundity was reduced to 254 eggs, in comparison to the control with 512 eggs. Silicon had a significant effect on the biology of fall armyworm and its application can be a potential management technique for fall armyworm.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of silicon dioxide at 1200 ppm yielded a minimum fall armyworm population, followed by 800 and 400 ppm.
- Treatment
- Foliare0
- Interactor
- Fall Armyworm
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdat0pest - Outcome
- FAW populatione0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 1200 ppme0
- Comparator
- 800 and 400 ppme0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Foliar and drenching applications of silicon dioxide at the maximum concentration (1200 ppm) exhibited significant results, with the minimum FAW population following 800 and 400 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Maize against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drenching application of silicon dioxide at 1200 ppm yielded a minimum fall armyworm population, followed by lower concentrations.
- Treatment
- drenching applications of silicon dioxide at the maximum concentration (1200 ppm)e0
- Interactor
- Fall ArmywormSpodoptera frugiperdat0pest
- Outcome
- FAW populatione0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Comparator
- 800 and 400 ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar and drenching applications of silicon dioxide at the maximum concentration (1200 ppm) exhibited significant results, with the minimum FAW population following 800 and 400 ppm, respectively.”
t0“Maize against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall armyworm larval survival was 36% on silicon-treated maize leaves versus 95% in the control.
- Treatment
- maximum silicon applicatione0
- Interactor
- Fall ArmywormSpodoptera frugiperdat0pest
- Outcome
- larvae survival ratee0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 36%e0
- Qualifier
- 95%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that the larvae survival rate was minimum (36%) at maximum silicon application in comparison to the control (95%).”
t0“Maize against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall armyworm pupal duration increased to 13.66 days versus 7.66 days in controls.
- Treatment
- silicon-treated leavese1
- Interactor
- Fall ArmywormSpodoptera frugiperdat0pest
- Outcome
- pupal duratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13.66 dayse0
- Qualifier
- 7.66 dayse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pupal duration was increased to 13.66 days, compared to the control with 7.66 days.”
e1“feeding larvae with silicon-treated leaves”
t0“Maize against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment reduced fall armyworm adult longevity to 7.67 days.
- Treatment
- silicon-treated leavese1
- Interactor
- Fall ArmywormSpodoptera frugiperdat0pest
- Outcome
- adult longevitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 7.67 dayse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, the adult longevity was also reduced to 7.67 days and fecundity was reduced to 254 eggs, in comparison to the control with 512 eggs.”
e1“feeding larvae with silicon-treated leaves”
t0“Maize against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment reduced fall armyworm fecundity to 254 eggs versus 512 eggs in controls.
- Treatment
- silicon-treated leavese1
- Interactor
- Fall ArmywormSpodoptera frugiperdat0pest
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 254 eggse0
- Qualifier
- 512 eggse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fecundity was reduced to 254 eggs, in comparison to the control with 512 eggs.”
e1“feeding larvae with silicon-treated leaves”
t0“Maize against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose silicon application as a potential fall armyworm management technique.
- Treatment
- Silicone1
- Interactor
- fall armywormSpodoptera frugiperdae0pest
- Outcome
- potential management technique for fall armyworme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its application can be a potential management technique for fall armyworm.”
e1“Silicon had a significant effect on the biology of fall armyworm”
t0“Maize against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)”
The same questions in other papers
silicon dioxide · Spodoptera frugiperda · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
silicon atom · Spodoptera frugiperda · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →application · Spodoptera frugiperda · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.