Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) are phytohormones that have a significant role in the induction of plant defense against different stress factors. The role of these phytohormones was assessed on several physicochemical properties of safflower plants subjected to salinity. JA and, especially SA, caused plants had more Na+ and less K+ content compared with the control plants. The JA and SA increased the catalase (CAT) activity, whereas significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation in safflower plants under salinity stress. No significant effects of phytohormones were observed on peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities in safflower plants exposed to salinity stress. Data on plant fluorescence indicated that seed priming with JA and SA decreases ROS production in photosystems. The effect of JA and SA under salinity stress was observed to significantly influence the light-dependent phase (J-I and I-P phases of chlorophyll a fluorescence curve) in comparison to the rest of the electron transport chain in safflower plants. This finding was supported by the high improvement of quantum yield of reduction of the end electron acceptors at the photosystem I acceptor side (φRo) activity under severe salinity stress. The observation indicated that the SA treatment was more effective in safflower plants exposed to salinity stress in comparison to the JA treatment.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
JA and especially SA increased sodium content in saline safflower.
Verbatim
e0“JA and, especially SA, caused plants had more Na+ and less K+ content compared with the control plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
JA and especially SA decreased potassium content in saline safflower.
Verbatim
e0“JA and, especially SA, caused plants had more Na+ and less K+ content compared with the control plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
JA and SA increased catalase activity under salinity.
- Taxon
- safflower plants
Carthamus tinctoriuse0 - Treatment
- JA and SAe0
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT) activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The JA and SA increased the catalase (CAT) activity, whereas significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation in safflower plants under salinity stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
JA and SA significantly decreased ROS production and lipid peroxidation under salinity.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- JA and SAe0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The JA and SA increased the catalase (CAT) activity, whereas significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation in safflower plants under salinity stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
JA and SA had no significant effect on POD and APX activities under salinity.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- phytohormonese0
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activitiese0
- Direction
- No significant effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant effects of phytohormones were observed on peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities in safflower plants exposed to salinity stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
JA and SA seed priming decreased ROS production in photosystems.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with JA and SA decreases ROS production in photosystems.”
Claim · model-written summary
JA and SA significantly influenced the light-dependent fluorescence phases more than the rest of the electron transport chain.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- JA and SAe0
- Outcome
- light-dependent phase (J-I and I-P phases of chlorophyll a fluorescence curve)e0
- Comparator
- rest of the electron transport chaine0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of JA and SA under salinity stress was observed to significantly influence the light-dependent phase (J-I and I-P phases of chlorophyll a fluorescence curve) in comparison to the rest of the electron transport chain in safflower plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Quantum yield of reduction at the PSI acceptor side improved under severe salinity.
- Outcome
- quantum yield of reduction of the end electron acceptors at the photosystem I acceptor side (φRo) activitye0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Qualifier
- under severe salinity stresse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“high improvement of quantum yield of reduction of the end electron acceptors at the photosystem I acceptor side (φRo) activity under severe salinity stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
SA was more effective than JA for saline safflower.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- SA treatmente0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- JA treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The observation indicated that the SA treatment was more effective in safflower plants exposed to salinity stress in comparison to the JA treatment.”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · physiology: oxidative · Carthamus tinctorius (safflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
salicylic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Carthamus tinctorius (safflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
class · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Carthamus tinctorius (safflower)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
seed treatment · physiology: oxidative · Carthamus tinctorius (safflower)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.