Abstract
Saline water irrigation contributes significantly to forage yield. However, the acceptable salinity levels for saline water irrigation of tall wheatgrass remains unclear. In this study, field supplemental irrigations of transplanted-tall wheatgrass with saline drainage waters having salinities of electrical conductivity (ECw) = 2.45, 4.36, 4.42, and 5.42 dS m−1 were conducted to evaluate the effects of saline water irrigation on forage yield and soil salinization. In addition, the effects of plastic film mulching, fertilization, and saline water irrigation on sward establishment of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass were determined. Finally, a pot experiment was carried out to confirm the above field results. The results showed that two irrigations with ECw = 2.45 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waters produced the highest dry matter yield, followed by one irrigation with ECw = 4.42 or 5.42 dS m−1. After rainfall leaching, the soil EC1:5 was reduced by 41.7–79.3% for the saline water irrigation treatments. In combination with saline water irrigation, plastic film mulching promoted sward establishment and enhanced the plant height and dry matter yield of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass, while fertilization played a marginal role. However, two irrigations with ECw = 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waters resulted in rates of 3.2% and 16.0% of dead plants under the mulching and no mulching conditions, respectively. Furthermore, a pot experiment demonstrated that irrigation with ECw = 5.79 dS m−1 saline water led to the lowest reduction in forage yield and the highest crude protein content in leaves. However, the plants irrigated with ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 saline water enhanced soil salinity and reduced the plant height, leaf size, and gas exchange rate. Conclusively, one irrigation with ECw ≤ 5.42 dS m−1 and SAR ≤ 36.31 saline water at the end of April or early May could be acceptable for tall wheatgrass production and minimize the soil salinization risk in the coastal saline–alkaline land around the Bohai Sea.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Two field irrigations with saline waters of ECw 2.45 and 4.36 dS m−1 produced the highest dry matter yield of tall wheatgrass.
- Taxon
- Tall Wheatgrass
Thinopyrum elongatumt0 - Treatment
- two irrigations with ECw = 2.45 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waterse0
- Outcome
- dry matter yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“two irrigations with ECw = 2.45 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waters produced the highest dry matter yield”
Claim · model-written summary
After rainfall leaching, soil EC1:5 was reduced by 41.7–79.3% under the saline water irrigation treatments.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Treatment
- saline water irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- soil EC1:5e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 41.7–79.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“the soil EC1:5 was reduced by 41.7–79.3% for the saline water irrigation treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic film mulching combined with saline water irrigation promoted sward establishment of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass.
- Taxon
- tall wheatgrassThinopyrum elongatume0
- Treatment
- plastic film mulchinge0
- Outcome
- sward establishmente0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“plastic film mulching promoted sward establishment and enhanced the plant height and dry matter yield of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic film mulching combined with saline water irrigation enhanced plant height and dry matter yield of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass.
- Taxon
- tall wheatgrassThinopyrum elongatume0
- Treatment
- plastic film mulchinge0
- Outcome
- plant height and dry matter yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“plastic film mulching promoted sward establishment and enhanced the plant height and dry matter yield of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization played only a marginal role in sward establishment of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass in combination with saline water irrigation.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Treatment
- fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- marginal rolee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“fertilization played a marginal role”
Claim · model-written summary
Two irrigations with saline waters of ECw 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 resulted in 3.2% dead tall wheatgrass plants under mulching.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Treatment
- two irrigations with ECw = 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waterse0
- Outcome
- dead plantse0
- Value
- 3.2%e0
- Qualifier
- under the mulchinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“two irrigations with ECw = 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waters resulted in rates of 3.2% and 16.0% of dead plants under the mulching and no mulching conditions, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Two irrigations with saline waters of ECw 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 resulted in 16.0% dead tall wheatgrass plants without mulching.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Treatment
- two irrigations with ECw = 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waterse0
- Outcome
- dead plantse0
- Value
- 16.0%e0
- Qualifier
- no mulching conditionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“two irrigations with ECw = 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waters resulted in rates of 3.2% and 16.0% of dead plants under the mulching and no mulching conditions, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In a pot experiment, irrigation with saline water of ECw 5.79 dS m−1 led to the lowest reduction in forage yield of tall wheatgrass.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation with ECw = 5.79 dS m−1 saline watere0
- Outcome
- forage yielde0
- Direction
- lowest reductione0
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“a pot experiment demonstrated that irrigation with ECw = 5.79 dS m−1 saline water led to the lowest reduction in forage yield and the highest crude protein content in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
In a pot experiment, irrigation with saline water of ECw 5.79 dS m−1 gave the highest crude protein content in tall wheatgrass leaves.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- irrigation with ECw = 5.79 dS m−1 saline watere0
- Outcome
- crude protein contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“a pot experiment demonstrated that irrigation with ECw = 5.79 dS m−1 saline water led to the lowest reduction in forage yield and the highest crude protein content in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
In the pot experiment, irrigation with saline water of ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 enhanced soil salinity.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Treatment
- ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 saline watere0
- Outcome
- soil salinitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“the plants irrigated with ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 saline water enhanced soil salinity and reduced the plant height, leaf size, and gas exchange rate”
Claim · model-written summary
In the pot experiment, irrigation with saline water of ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 reduced plant height, leaf size and gas exchange rate of tall wheatgrass.
- Taxon
- Tall WheatgrassThinopyrum elongatumt0
- Treatment
- ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 saline watere0
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf size, and gas exchange ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“the plants irrigated with ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 saline water enhanced soil salinity and reduced the plant height, leaf size, and gas exchange rate”
Claim · model-written summary
One irrigation with saline water of ECw ≤ 5.42 dS m−1 and SAR ≤ 36.31 at the end of April or early May could be acceptable for tall wheatgrass production and minimize soil salinization risk on the coastal saline–alkaline land around the Bohai Sea.
- Taxon
- tall wheatgrassThinopyrum elongatume0
- Treatment
- one irrigation with ECw ≤ 5.42 dS m−1 and SAR ≤ 36.31 saline watere0
- Outcome
- acceptable for tall wheatgrass productione0
- Setting
- coastal saline–alkaline land around the Bohai Seae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tall Wheatgrass”
e0“one irrigation with ECw ≤ 5.42 dS m−1 and SAR ≤ 36.31 saline water at the end of April or early May could be acceptable for tall wheatgrass production and minimize the soil salinization risk in the coastal saline–alkaline land around the Bohai Sea”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · yield · Thinopyrum elongatum (tall wheatgrass)Positive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.