Abstract
Salinity adversely affects the plant’s morphological characteristics, but the utilization of aqueous algal extracts (AE) ameliorates this negative impact. In this study, the application of AE derived from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains effectively reversed the decline in biomass allocation and water relations, both in normal and salt-stressed conditions. The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control. Moreover, the AE treatments effectively mitigated lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage induced by salinity stress. The application of AE led to an increase in GB (6%) and the total concentration of free amino acids (47%) by comparing with salt-affected control. Additionally, salinity stress resulted in an elevation of antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. Notably, the AE treatments significantly boosted the activity of these antioxidant enzymes under salinity conditions. Furthermore, salinity reduced mineral contents, but the application of AE effectively counteracted this decline, leading to increased mineral levels. In conclusion, the application of aqueous algal extracts, specifically those obtained from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains, demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating salinity-induced stress in Phaseolus vulgaris plants.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous algal extracts reversed declines in biomass allocation under normal and salt stress conditions.
- Taxon
- Common Bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- AE derived from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strainse0
- Outcome
- biomass allocatione0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Qualifier
- normal and salt-stressed conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of AE derived from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains effectively reversed the decline in biomass allocation and water relations, both in normal and salt-stressed conditions”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous algal extracts reversed declines in water relations under normal and salt stress conditions.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- AE derived from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strainse0
- Outcome
- water relationse0
- Direction
- reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of AE derived from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains effectively reversed the decline in biomass allocation and water relations, both in normal and salt-stressed conditions”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts increased chlorophyll content by 15% under salt stress relative to the salinity control.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- simultaneous application of both extractse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 15%e0
- Comparator
- salinity stress controle0
- Setting
- salt-affected soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts increased carotene content by 1% under salt stress relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- simultaneous application of both extractse0
- Outcome
- carotene contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 1%e0
- Comparator
- salinity stress controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts increased photosynthesis by 25% under salt stress relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- simultaneous application of both extractse0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 25%e0
- Comparator
- salinity stress controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts increased stomatal conductance by 7% under salt stress relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- simultaneous application of both extractse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 7%e0
- Comparator
- salinity stress controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts increased transpiration rate by 23% under salt stress relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- simultaneous application of both extractse0
- Outcome
- transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Comparator
- salinity stress controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Algal extract treatments mitigated lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage under salinity.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- AE treatmentse0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Qualifier
- salinity stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the AE treatments effectively mitigated lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage induced by salinity stress.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Algal extracts increased GB by 6% relative to salt-affected control.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- AEe0
- Outcome
- GBe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 6%e0
- Comparator
- salt-affected controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of AE led to an increase in GB (6%) and the total concentration of free amino acids (47%) by comparing with salt-affected control.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Algal extracts increased total free amino acids by 47% relative to salt-affected control.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- AEe0
- Outcome
- total concentration of free amino acidse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Comparator
- salt-affected controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of AE led to an increase in GB (6%) and the total concentration of free amino acids (47%) by comparing with salt-affected control.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress elevated superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase activity.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Gene
- superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductasee0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- elevatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress resulted in an elevation of antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Algal extract treatments significantly boosted antioxidant enzyme activity under salinity.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- AE treatmentse0
- Outcome
- activity of these antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- boostede0
- Qualifier
- salinity conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the AE treatments significantly boosted the activity of these antioxidant enzymes under salinity conditions.”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced mineral contents.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- mineral contentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity reduced mineral contents”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Algal extract application increased mineral levels under salinity.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- AEe0
- Outcome
- mineral levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of AE effectively counteracted this decline, leading to increased mineral levels.”
t0“Common Bean”
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See all 88 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.