Abstract
BACKGROUND: Basil is one of the most famous herbs, which has broad usage as a fresh vegetable and therapeutic and pharmaceutical services. The main abiotic stress limiting basil production globally is drought. As a result, appropriate drought screening-which effectively separates high-yielding but drought-sensitive genotypes from drought-tolerant genotypes-is necessary for the optimal selection of high-yielding basil cultivars under drought stress conditions. So, a split plot experiment with three replications based on a completely randomized design were carried out in a pot under field conditions for this investigation. Water levels (full irrigation or control, moderate stress, and severe stress) were assigned as main plots, while 22 basil accessions were given as sub-plots. In this study, leaf yield as well as physio-biochemical traits had measured on accessions. RESULTS: Our results revealed large variation in yield, essential oil (%), protein, proline, chlorophyll, total phenol and flavonoids traits across the 22 accessions. The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively. Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively. Furthermore, the highest yield reduction occurred in moderate and severe stress conditions in G18 (-25.36%) and G8 (-42.98%) accessions, respectively. Cluster analysis based on the ward method in both conditions (moderate and severe drought conditions) placed the accessions in three groups, and accessions were identified as tolerant, whose average traits in that group were higher than the total average. The principal component analysis also showed that in moderate drought conditions, the first two components explained about 95.28% of the total variation, while in severe drought conditions, these two components explained about 96.37% of the total variation. CONCLUSIONS: The different multivariate analyses (cluster analysis, PCA, mean comparison) were used to identify tolerant and sensitive accessions based on all traits. The accessions G3, G4, G6, and G7 were found to be tolerant to stress, while G10, G15, G16, and G20 were found to be sensitive to drought. These accessions are a useful step in producing drought-tolerant, high-yielding accessions and can be utilized in breeding programs for basil.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Basil accessions varied widely in yield, essential oil and protein.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Ocimum basilicumt0 - Material
- 22 accessionse0
- Outcome
- yield, essential oil (%), proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e0“Our results revealed large variation in yield, essential oil (%), protein, proline, chlorophyll, total phenol and flavonoids traits across the 22 accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Basil accessions varied widely in proline and chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- 22 accessionse0
- Outcome
- proline, chlorophylle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e0“Our results revealed large variation in yield, essential oil (%), protein, proline, chlorophyll, total phenol and flavonoids traits across the 22 accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Basil accessions varied widely in total phenol and flavonoids.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- 22 accessionse0
- Outcome
- total phenol and flavonoidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e0“Our results revealed large variation in yield, essential oil (%), protein, proline, chlorophyll, total phenol and flavonoids traits across the 22 accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Under moderate drought, accession G1 had the least leaf yield reduction (-6.5%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G1e1
- Treatment
- moderate drought stresse1
- Outcome
- leaf yield reductione1
- Direction
- least changese1
- Value
- -6.5%e1
- Comparator
- normal conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e1“The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under moderate drought, accession G17 had the least leaf yield reduction (-7.05%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G17e1
- Treatment
- moderate drought stresse1
- Outcome
- leaf yield reductione1
- Direction
- least changese1
- Value
- -7.05%e1
- Comparator
- normal conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e1“The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under moderate drought, accession G20 had the least leaf yield reduction (-9.01%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G20e1
- Treatment
- moderate drought stresse1
- Outcome
- leaf yield reductione1
- Direction
- least changese1
- Value
- -9.01%e1
- Comparator
- normal conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e1“The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under moderate drought, accession G12 had the least leaf yield reduction (-10.9%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G12e1
- Treatment
- moderate drought stresse1
- Outcome
- leaf yield reductione1
- Direction
- least changese1
- Value
- -10.9%e1
- Comparator
- normal conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e1“The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under moderate drought, accession G18 had the highest yield reduction (-25.36%).
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G18e3
- Treatment
- moderatee3
- Outcome
- yield reductione3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- -25.36%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e3“the highest yield reduction occurred in moderate and severe stress conditions in G18 (-25.36%) and G8 (-42.98%) accessions, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under severe drought, accession G1 had the least change in leaf yield (-32.01%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G1e2
- Treatment
- severee2
- Outcome
- plant leaf yielde2
- Direction
- least amount of changee2
- Value
- -32.01%e2
- Comparator
- normal conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e2“Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under severe drought, accession G12 had the least change in leaf yield (-33.12%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G12e2
- Treatment
- severee2
- Outcome
- plant leaf yielde2
- Direction
- least amount of changee2
- Value
- -33.12%e2
- Comparator
- normal conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e2“Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under severe drought, accession G4 had the least change in leaf yield (-33.24%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G4e2
- Treatment
- severee2
- Outcome
- plant leaf yielde2
- Direction
- least amount of changee2
- Value
- -33.24%e2
- Comparator
- normal conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e2“Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under severe drought, accession G7 had the least change in leaf yield (-34.11%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G7e2
- Treatment
- severee2
- Outcome
- plant leaf yielde2
- Direction
- least amount of changee2
- Value
- -34.11%e2
- Comparator
- normal conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e2“Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under severe drought, accession G17 had the least change in leaf yield (-34.93%) relative to normal conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G17e2
- Treatment
- severee2
- Outcome
- plant leaf yielde2
- Direction
- least amount of changee2
- Value
- -34.93%e2
- Comparator
- normal conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e2“Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under severe drought, accession G8 had the highest yield reduction (-42.98%).
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G8e3
- Treatment
- severee3
- Outcome
- yield reductione3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- -42.98%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e3“the highest yield reduction occurred in moderate and severe stress conditions in G18 (-25.36%) and G8 (-42.98%) accessions, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Accessions G3, G4, G6, and G7 were tolerant to stress.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G3, G4, G6, and G7e4
- Outcome
- tolerant to stresse4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e4“The accessions G3, G4, G6, and G7 were found to be tolerant to stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Accessions G10, G15, G16, and G20 were sensitive to drought.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Material
- G10, G15, G16, and G20e5
- Outcome
- sensitive to droughte5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e5“G10, G15, G16, and G20 were found to be sensitive to drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster analysis by the Ward method placed the accessions in three groups under both drought conditions.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Outcome
- placed the accessions in three groupse6
- Value
- three groupse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e6“Cluster analysis based on the ward method in both conditions (moderate and severe drought conditions) placed the accessions in three groups”
Claim · model-written summary
Under moderate drought, the first two principal components explained 95.28% of the total variation.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- moderate drought conditionse7
- Outcome
- total variatione7
- Value
- 95.28%e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e7“in moderate drought conditions, the first two components explained about 95.28% of the total variation”
Claim · model-written summary
Under severe drought, the first two principal components explained 96.37% of the total variation.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- severe drought conditionse1
- Outcome
- total variatione1
- Value
- 96.37%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e1“in severe drought conditions, these two components explained about 96.37% of the total variation”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the tolerant accessions for breeding programs for basil.
- Taxon
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)Ocimum basilicumt0
- Outcome
- utilized in breeding programse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“basil (Ocimum basilicum)”
e1“can be utilized in breeding programs for basil”
The same questions in other papers
drought · yield · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.