Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Main Oilseeds Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh for three consecutive years during 2007-08 to 2009-10 to evaluate pre and post-emergence herbicides in rainy season groundnut. The experiment comprising nine weed control treatments of pre and post-emergence herbicides along with weedy check and weed free check was conducted in Randomised Block Design with three replications on medium clay soils with pH 7.9. The experimental field was infested with Echinochloa spp., Dinebra retroflexa, Digitaria sanguinalis, Indigofera glandulosa, Commelina benghalensis, Phyllanthus niruri, Euphorbia hirta, Digera arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Tridax procumbens and Cyperus rotundus. Among the monocots and sedges, Echinochloa spp. and Cyperus rotundus were predominant. Complete weed free condition recorded highest dry pod, haulm and kernel yield (2773, 3934 and 1997 kg/ha, respectively). Among the herbicidal treatments, pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS) recorded the lowest monocot (3.81/m2), dicot (3.63/m2), sedges (3.83/m2) weed density, dry weight of weeds (133 g/m2), weed control efficiency (84.2%) at 60 DAS and weed index (4.6%). The same treatment combination recorded significantly higher dry pod yield (2645 kg/ha), haulm yield (3424 kg/ha), kernel yield (1902 kg/ha), gross return (` 66360/ha), net return (`42190/ha) and B:C ratio (2.75).
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free groundnut yielded 2773 kg/ha dry pods.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- Complete weed free conditione0
- Outcome
- dry pode0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2773e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete weed free condition recorded highest dry pod, haulm and kernel yield (2773, 3934 and 1997 kg/ha, respectively).”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free groundnut yielded 3934 kg/ha haulm.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Complete weed free conditione0
- Outcome
- haulme0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3934e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete weed free condition recorded highest dry pod, haulm and kernel yield (2773, 3934 and 1997 kg/ha, respectively).”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free groundnut yielded 1997 kg/ha kernel.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Complete weed free conditione0
- Outcome
- kernel yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1997 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complete weed free condition recorded highest dry pod, haulm and kernel yield (2773, 3934 and 1997 kg/ha, respectively).”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The pendimethalin and quizalofop combination gave the lowest monocot weed density of 3.81/m2.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS)e0
- Outcome
- monocote0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 3.81/m2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS) recorded the lowest monocot (3.81/m2), dicot (3.63/m2), sedges (3.83/m2) weed density”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination gave dicot weed density of 3.63/m2.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS)e0
- Outcome
- dicote0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 3.63/m2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS) recorded the lowest monocot (3.81/m2), dicot (3.63/m2), sedges (3.83/m2) weed density”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination gave sedge weed density of 3.83/m2.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS)e0
- Outcome
- sedgese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 3.83/m2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 20 days after sowing (DAS) recorded the lowest monocot (3.81/m2), dicot (3.63/m2), sedges (3.83/m2) weed density”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination gave weed dry weight of 133 g/m2.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/hae1
- Outcome
- dry weight of weedse0
- Value
- 133 g/m2e0
- Qualifier
- at 60 DASe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry weight of weeds (133 g/m2), weed control efficiency (84.2%) at 60 DAS and weed index (4.6%).”
t0“groundnut”
e1“pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination achieved weed control efficiency of 84.2% at 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/hae1
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 84.2%e0
- Qualifier
- at 60 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry weight of weeds (133 g/m2), weed control efficiency (84.2%) at 60 DAS and weed index (4.6%).”
t0“groundnut”
e1“pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination had a weed index of 4.6%.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/hae1
- Outcome
- weed indexe0
- Value
- 4.6%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry weight of weeds (133 g/m2), weed control efficiency (84.2%) at 60 DAS and weed index (4.6%).”
t0“groundnut”
e1“pendimethalin 1 kg/ha + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced 2645 kg/ha dry pod yield, significantly higher than other herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- same treatment combinatione0
- Outcome
- dry pod yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2645 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The same treatment combination recorded significantly higher dry pod yield (2645 kg/ha), haulm yield (3424 kg/ha), kernel yield (1902 kg/ha)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced 3424 kg/ha haulm yield.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- same treatment combinatione0
- Outcome
- haulm yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3424 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The same treatment combination recorded significantly higher dry pod yield (2645 kg/ha), haulm yield (3424 kg/ha), kernel yield (1902 kg/ha)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination produced 1902 kg/ha kernel yield.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- same treatment combinatione0
- Outcome
- kernel yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1902 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The same treatment combination recorded significantly higher dry pod yield (2645 kg/ha), haulm yield (3424 kg/ha), kernel yield (1902 kg/ha)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination generated gross return of ` 66360/ha.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- gross returne0
- Value
- ` 66360/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gross return (` 66360/ha), net return (`42190/ha) and B:C ratio (2.75).”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination generated net return of `42190/ha.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Value
- `42190/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gross return (` 66360/ha), net return (`42190/ha) and B:C ratio (2.75).”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide combination had a B:C ratio of 2.75.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Value
- 2.75e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gross return (` 66360/ha), net return (`42190/ha) and B:C ratio (2.75).”
t0“groundnut”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.