Abstract
The in vitro antagonistic activity of Bacillus velezensis LABIM40 (strain CMRP 4489) was assessed against Alternaria linariae, Botryotinia squamosa, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Gibberella zeae, and Rhizoctonia solani. An experiment was conducted using treated seeds under growth chamber conditions to determine the impact of various LABIM40 formulations on tomato seedling growth and the biocontrol of damping-off caused by R. solani. The treatments included the use of LABIM40 cell suspension, LABIM40 cell-free supernatant (CFS), 10 times concentrated CFS (10× CFS), commercial products based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (CP_1) and Bacillus subtilis (CP_2), and water. The effects of these products were assessed on tomato seedlings grown in sterile substrate or substrate inoculated with R. solani. In a dual culture test, B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited the mycelial growth of the aforementioned fungal pathogens by 46.6%, 67.4%, 64.7%, 49.0%, and 54.4%, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration against each fungus was determined using varying concentrations of CFS in potato dextrose agar medium, followed by a regression analysis of mycelial growth inhibition. Except for A. linariae, the logarithmic model provided the best fit in all cases. Tomato seedlings from seeds treated with 10× CFS in inoculated substrate exhibited a survival rate 57% higher than that exhibited by the control treatment. However, no growth promotion was observed in tomato plants from seeds treated with LABIM40 cells or its CFS metabolites. In summary, these findings highlight the antagonistic activity of B. velezensis LABIM40 against A. linariae, B. squamosa, C. lindemuthianum, G. zeae, and R. solani, as demonstrated by dual culture and CFS diffusion tests. This suggests its potential as a biocontrol agent for damping-off in tomatoes.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited Alternaria linariae mycelial growth by 46.6%.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- B. velezensis LABIM40e0
- Interactor
- Alternaria linariaeAlternaria linariaee1pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. velezensis LABIM40
Bacillus velezensise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 46.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited the mycelial growth of the aforementioned fungal pathogens by 46.6%, 67.4%, 64.7%, 49.0%, and 54.4%, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Alternaria linariae, Botryotinia squamosa, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Gibberella zeae, and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
LABIM40 inhibited Botryotinia squamosa mycelial growth by 67.4%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- B. velezensis LABIM40e0
- Interactor
- Botryotinia squamosa
Botrytis squamosae1pathogen - Second interactor
- B. velezensis LABIM40Bacillus velezensise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 67.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited the mycelial growth of the aforementioned fungal pathogens by 46.6%, 67.4%, 64.7%, 49.0%, and 54.4%, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Alternaria linariae, Botryotinia squamosa, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Gibberella zeae, and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
LABIM40 inhibited Colletotrichum lindemuthianum mycelial growth by 64.7%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- B. velezensis LABIM40e0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Colletotrichum lindemuthianume1pathogen - Second interactor
- B. velezensis LABIM40Bacillus velezensise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 64.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited the mycelial growth of the aforementioned fungal pathogens by 46.6%, 67.4%, 64.7%, 49.0%, and 54.4%, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
Claim · model-written summary
LABIM40 inhibited Gibberella zeae mycelial growth by 49.0%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- B. velezensis LABIM40e0
- Interactor
- Gibberella zeae
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume1pathogen - Second interactor
- B. velezensis LABIM40Bacillus velezensise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 49.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited the mycelial growth of the aforementioned fungal pathogens by 46.6%, 67.4%, 64.7%, 49.0%, and 54.4%, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Gibberella zeae”
Claim · model-written summary
LABIM40 inhibited Rhizoctonia solani mycelial growth by 54.4%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- B. velezensis LABIM40e0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie1pathogen - Second interactor
- B. velezensis LABIM40Bacillus velezensise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 54.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited the mycelial growth of the aforementioned fungal pathogens by 46.6%, 67.4%, 64.7%, 49.0%, and 54.4%, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
The logarithmic model gave the best fit for all tested fungi except A. linariae.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- best fite0
- Comparator
- A. linariaee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for A. linariae, the logarithmic model provided the best fit in all cases.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato seedlings from seeds treated with 10× CFS in inoculated substrate had 57% higher survival than controls.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- 10× CFSe0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus velezensis LABIM40Bacillus velezensist0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- survival ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 57%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
- Setting
- inoculated substratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato seedlings from seeds treated with 10× CFS in inoculated substrate exhibited a survival rate 57% higher than that exhibited by the control treatment.”
e1“inoculated with R. solani”
t0“Bacillus velezensis LABIM40 (CMRP 4489)”
Claim · model-written summary
LABIM40 cells did not promote tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LABIM40 cellse0
- Outcome
- growth promotione0
- Direction
- no growth promotione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no growth promotion was observed in tomato plants from seeds treated with LABIM40 cells or its CFS metabolites.”
t0“Bacillus velezensis LABIM40”
Claim · model-written summary
LABIM40 CFS metabolites did not promote tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- CFS metabolitese0
- Outcome
- growth promotione0
- Direction
- no growth promotione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no growth promotion was observed in tomato plants from seeds treated with LABIM40 cells or its CFS metabolites.”
t0“Bacillus velezensis LABIM40”
Claim · model-written summary
The findings suggest LABIM40 has potential to control tomato damping-off.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- B. velezensis LABIM40Bacillus velezensise1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- potential as a biocontrol agent for damping-offe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This suggests its potential as a biocontrol agent for damping-off in tomatoes.”
e1“B. velezensis LABIM40 against A. linariae”
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