Abstract
A study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of soil application of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and farm yard manure (FYM) enriched with T. harzianum on pre-emergency damping off (PED) and post-emergence damping off (POED) in chilli and tomato seedlings in nursery beds containing naturally infested soil with Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani in the experimental field area of Department of Plant Pathology, CCSHAU Hisar during 2018-19, 2019-20and 2020-21.The observations on disease incidence (%) were recorded up to 30 days after germination. A control without soil amendment was also maintained. The maximum damping off was at 22.5, 23.4 and 22.9% in controland minimum at 15.7, 15.8 and 16.6% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in chilliwhen SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied. The mean of damping off disease incidence was minimum at 16.0% when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied and maximum at 22.9% in control. The maximum damping off was at 18.1, 19.4 and 18.7% in control and minimum at 12.2, 12.6 and 14.8% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in tomato when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied. The mean of disease incidence (%) was minimum at 13.2% when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied and maximum at 18.7% in control.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
SMS enriched with T. harzianum gave chilli damping off of 15.7% versus 22.5% control in 2018–19.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- damping offe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 15.7e0
- Qualifier
- 22.5e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum damping off was at 22.5, 23.4 and 22.9% in controland minimum at 15.7, 15.8 and 16.6% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in chilliwhen SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilli damping off was 15.8% versus 23.4% control in 2019–20.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping offe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 15.8e0
- Qualifier
- 23.4e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum damping off was at 22.5, 23.4 and 22.9% in controland minimum at 15.7, 15.8 and 16.6% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in chilliwhen SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilli damping off was 16.6% versus 22.9% control in 2020–21.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping offe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 16.6%e0
- Qualifier
- 22.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum damping off was at 22.5, 23.4 and 22.9% in controland minimum at 15.7, 15.8 and 16.6% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in chilliwhen SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean chilli damping off was 16.0% with enriched SMS versus 22.9% control.
- Taxon
- Chillit0
- Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping off disease incidencee0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 16.0%e0
- Qualifier
- 22.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean of damping off disease incidence was minimum at 16.0% when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied and maximum at 22.9% in control.”
t0“Chilli and Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato damping off was 12.2% versus 18.1% control in 2018–19.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping offe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 12.2e0
- Qualifier
- 18.1e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum damping off was at 18.1, 19.4 and 18.7% in control and minimum at 12.2, 12.6 and 14.8% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in tomato when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato damping off was 12.6% versus 19.4% control in 2019–20.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping offe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 12.6e0
- Qualifier
- 19.4e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum damping off was at 18.1, 19.4 and 18.7% in control and minimum at 12.2, 12.6 and 14.8% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in tomato when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato damping off was 14.8% versus 18.7% control in 2020–21.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping offe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 14.8%e0
- Qualifier
- 18.7%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum damping off was at 18.1, 19.4 and 18.7% in control and minimum at 12.2, 12.6 and 14.8% during 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, respectively in tomato when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean tomato disease incidence was 13.2% with enriched SMS versus 18.7% control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SMS enriched with T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 13.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 18.7%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean of disease incidence (%) was minimum at 13.2% when SMS enriched with T. harzianum was applied and maximum at 18.7% in control.”
t0“Chilli and Tomato”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.