Abstract
The lower common wheat productivity and quality are major constraints in Afghanistan. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the effect of soil and climatic parameters on the yield and quality of common wheat and (2) investigate the response of different wheat varieties to different N and P fertilization rates, to improve the yield and quality of common wheat. Three wheat varieties (DLN7, ZRDN, and KBL13), three phosphorus levels (PL) at 60, 90, and 120 kg P2O5 ha−1, and three nitrogen ratios (NP) at 1:1, 1.25:1, and 1.5:1, respectively, in four locations (L), were evaluated. The higher average grain yield (GY), straw yield (SY), and starch yield (STY) were obtained with DLN7, followed by KBL13 and ZRDN, for all locations. As PL increased, GY, SY, protein yield (PY), and STY significantly increased in all locations. The PL significantly affected protein content (PC), gluten content (GC), and dough strength (W). The NP significantly improved PC, GC, and PY. Starch (ST), STY, and amylopectin (AP) increased significantly with increasing PL. The amylose to AP ratio increased significantly with increasing NP ratios. The findings show that at NP1/PL120, GY, SY, ST, and AP improved significantly, while at NP1.5:1/PL120, PC and GC improved significantly.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
DLN7 had the highest average grain, straw and starch yields, followed by KBL13 and ZRDN.
- Taxon
- common wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- DLN7e0
- Outcome
- grain yield (GY), straw yield (SY), and starch yield (STY)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- KBL13 and ZRDNe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher average grain yield (GY), straw yield (SY), and starch yield (STY) were obtained with DLN7, followed by KBL13 and ZRDN, for all locations.”
t0“common wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing phosphorus increased grain yield, straw yield, protein yield and starch yield in all locations.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- PLe0
- Outcome
- GY, SY, protein yield (PY), and STYe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As PL increased, GY, SY, protein yield (PY), and STY significantly increased in all locations.”
t0“common wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus level significantly affected protein content, gluten content and dough strength, without stated direction.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- PLe0
- Outcome
- protein content (PC), gluten content (GC), and dough strength (W)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The PL significantly affected protein content (PC), gluten content (GC), and dough strength (W).”
t0“common wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen ratio improved protein content, gluten content and protein yield.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NPe0
- Outcome
- PC, GC, and PYe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The NP significantly improved PC, GC, and PY.”
t0“common wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing phosphorus increased starch, starch yield and amylopectin.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing PLe0
- Outcome
- Starch (ST), STY, and amylopectin (AP)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Starch (ST), STY, and amylopectin (AP) increased significantly with increasing PL.”
t0“common wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen ratio increased the amylose to amylopectin ratio.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing NP ratiose0
- Outcome
- amylose to AP ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amylose to AP ratio increased significantly with increasing NP ratios.”
t0“common wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
NP1/PL120 improved grain yield, straw yield, starch and amylopectin.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NP1/PL120e0
- Outcome
- GY, SY, ST, and APe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at NP1/PL120, GY, SY, ST, and AP improved significantly”
t0“common wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
NP1.5:1/PL120 improved protein and gluten contents.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NP1.5:1/PL120e0
- Outcome
- PC and GCe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at NP1.5:1/PL120, PC and GC improved significantly”
t0“common wheat”
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