Abstract
Introduction Sugarbeets account for 55 to 60% of U.S. sugar production. Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), primarily caused by the fungal pathogen Cercospora beticola , is a major foliar disease of sugarbeet. Since leaf tissue is a primary site of pathogen survival between growing seasons, this study evaluated management strategies to reduce this source of inoculum. Methods Fall- and spring-applied treatments were evaluated over three years at two study sites. Treatments included standard plowing or tilling immediately post-harvest, as well as the following alternatives to tillage: a propane-fueled heat treatment either in the fall immediately pre-harvest or in the spring prior to planting, and a desiccant (saflufenacil) application seven days pre-harvest. After fall treatments, leaf samples were evaluated to determine C. beticola viability. The following season, inoculum pressure was measured by monitoring CLS severity in a susceptible beet variety planted into the same plots and by counting lesions on highly susceptible sentinel beets placed into the field at weekly intervals (fall treatments only). Results No significant reductions in C. beticola survival or CLS were observed following fall-applied desiccant. The fall heat treatment, however, significantly reduced lesion sporulation (2019-20 and 2020-21, P < 0.0001; 2021-22, P < 0.05) and C. beticola isolation (2019-20, P < 0.05) in at-harvest samples. Fall heat treatments also significantly reduced detectable sporulation for up to 70- (2021-22, P < 0.01) or 90-days post-harvest (2020-21, P < 0.05). Reduced numbers of CLS lesions were observed on sentinel beets in heat-treated plots from May 26-June 2 ( P < 0.05) and June 2-9 ( P < 0.01) in 2019, as well as June 15-22 ( P < 0.01) in 2020. Both fall- and spring-applied heat treatments also reduced the area under the disease progress curve for CLS assessed the season after treatments were applied (Michigan 2020 and 2021, P < 0.05; Minnesota 2019, P < 0.05; 2021, P < 0.0001). Discussion Overall, heat treatments resulted in CLS reductions at levels comparable to standard tillage, with more consistent reductions across year and location. Based on these results, heat treatment of fresh or overwintered leaf tissue could be used as an integrated tillage-alternative practice to aid in CLS management.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fall-applied desiccant produced no significant reductions in C. beticola survival or Cercospora leaf spot.
- Taxon
- sugarbeet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- fall-applied desiccante0
- Interactor
- C. beticola
Cercospora beticolae0pathogen - Outcome
- C. beticola survival or CLSe0
- Direction
- No significant reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant reductions in C. beticola survival or CLS were observed following fall-applied desiccant”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
The fall heat treatment significantly reduced lesion sporulation in at-harvest samples (2019-20 and 2020-21, P < 0.0001; 2021-22, P < 0.05).
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- The fall heat treatmente0
- Interactor
- C. beticolaCercospora beticolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion sporulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 2019-20 and 2020-21, P < 0.0001; 2021-22, P < 0.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fall heat treatment, however, significantly reduced lesion sporulation (2019-20 and 2020-21, P < 0.0001; 2021-22, P < 0.05) and C. beticola isolation (2019-20, P < 0.05) in at-harvest samples”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
The fall heat treatment significantly reduced C. beticola isolation in at-harvest samples (2019-20, P < 0.05).
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- The fall heat treatmente0
- Interactor
- C. beticolaCercospora beticolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- C. beticola isolatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 2019-20, P < 0.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fall heat treatment, however, significantly reduced lesion sporulation (2019-20 and 2020-21, P < 0.0001; 2021-22, P < 0.05) and C. beticola isolation (2019-20, P < 0.05) in at-harvest samples”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall heat treatments significantly reduced detectable sporulation for up to 70 days post-harvest (2021-22, P < 0.01).
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Fall heat treatmentse1
- Outcome
- detectable sporulatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 70-e1
- Qualifier
- 2021-22, P < 0.01e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fall heat treatments also significantly reduced detectable sporulation for up to 70- (2021-22, P < 0.01) or 90-days post-harvest (2020-21, P < 0.05)”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall heat treatments significantly reduced detectable sporulation for up to 90 days post-harvest (2020-21, P < 0.05).
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Fall heat treatmentse1
- Outcome
- detectable sporulatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 90-dayse1
- Qualifier
- 2020-21, P < 0.05e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fall heat treatments also significantly reduced detectable sporulation for up to 70- (2021-22, P < 0.01) or 90-days post-harvest (2020-21, P < 0.05)”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Fewer Cercospora leaf spot lesions were observed on sentinel beets in heat-treated plots on several weekly intervals in 2019 and 2020.
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- heat-treated plotse2
- Outcome
- numbers of CLS lesionse2
- Direction
- Reducede2
- Qualifier
- May 26-June 2 ( P < 0.05) and June 2-9 ( P < 0.01) in 2019, as well as June 15-22 ( P < 0.01) in 2020e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Reduced numbers of CLS lesions were observed on sentinel beets in heat-treated plots from May 26-June 2 ( P < 0.05) and June 2-9 ( P < 0.01) in 2019, as well as June 15-22 ( P < 0.01) in 2020”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall- and spring-applied heat treatments reduced the area under the disease progress curve for Cercospora leaf spot the following season in Michigan (2020 and 2021, P < 0.05).
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Both fall- and spring-applied heat treatmentse3
- Outcome
- area under the disease progress curve for CLSe3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Qualifier
- 2020 and 2021, P < 0.05e3
- Setting
- Michigane3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Both fall- and spring-applied heat treatments also reduced the area under the disease progress curve for CLS assessed the season after treatments were applied (Michigan 2020 and 2021, P < 0.05; Minnesota 2019, P < 0.05; 2021, P < 0.0001)”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall- and spring-applied heat treatments reduced the area under the disease progress curve for Cercospora leaf spot the following season in Minnesota (2019, P < 0.05; 2021, P < 0.0001).
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Both fall- and spring-applied heat treatmentse3
- Outcome
- area under the disease progress curve for CLSe3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Qualifier
- 2019, P < 0.05; 2021, P < 0.0001e3
- Setting
- Minnesotae3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Both fall- and spring-applied heat treatments also reduced the area under the disease progress curve for CLS assessed the season after treatments were applied (Michigan 2020 and 2021, P < 0.05; Minnesota 2019, P < 0.05; 2021, P < 0.0001)”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat treatments reduced Cercospora leaf spot at levels comparable to standard tillage, with more consistent reductions across year and location.
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- heat treatmentse4
- Outcome
- CLS reductionse4
- Direction
- comparablee4
- Qualifier
- more consistent reductions across year and locatione4
- Comparator
- standard tillagee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“heat treatments resulted in CLS reductions at levels comparable to standard tillage, with more consistent reductions across year and location”
t0“sugarbeet”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat treatment of fresh or overwintered leaf tissue could be used as an integrated tillage-alternative practice to aid Cercospora leaf spot management.
- Taxon
- sugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- integrated tillage-alternative practice to aid in CLS managemente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“heat treatment of fresh or overwintered leaf tissue could be used as an integrated tillage-alternative practice to aid in CLS management”
t0“sugarbeet”
The same questions in other papers
heat · disease · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.