Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a key regeneration pathway in various biotechnology approaches to crop improvement, especially for economically important perennial woody crops like citrus. However, maintenance of SE capability has long been a challenge and becomes a bottleneck in biotechnology-facilitated plant improvement. In the embryogenic callus (EC) of citrus, we identified 2 csi-miR171c-targeted SCARECROW-LIKE genes CsSCL2 and CsSCL3 (CsSCL2/3), which exert positive feedback regulation on csi-miR171c expression. Suppression of CsSCL2 expression by RNA interference (RNAi) enhanced SE in citrus callus. A thioredoxin superfamily protein CsClot was identified as an interactive protein of CsSCL2/3. Overexpression of CsClot disturbed reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in EC and enhanced SE. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) and RNA-Seq identified 660 genes directly suppressed by CsSCL2 that were enriched in biological processes including development-related processes, auxin signaling pathway, and cell wall organization. CsSCL2/3 bound to the promoters of regeneration-related genes, such as WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 2 (CsWOX2), CsWOX13, and Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain 40 (LBD40), and repressed their expression. Overall, CsSCL2/3 modulate ROS homeostasis through the interactive protein CsClot and directly suppress the expression of regeneration-related genes, thus regulating SE in citrus. We uncovered a regulatory pathway of miR171c-targeted CsSCL2/3 in SE, which shed light on the mechanism of SE and regeneration capability maintenance in citrus.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
CsSCL2 and CsSCL3 target csi-miR171c and positively regulate its expression.
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified 2 csi-miR171c-targeted SCARECROW-LIKE genes CsSCL2 and CsSCL3 (CsSCL2/3), which exert positive feedback regulation on csi-miR171c expression”
t0“citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppressing CsSCL2 by RNA interference enhanced somatic embryogenesis.
- Organ / stage
- calluse0
- Treatment
- Suppression of CsSCL2 expression by RNA interference (RNAi)e0
- Gene
- CsSCL2e0
- Outcome
- SEe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of CsSCL2 expression by RNA interference (RNAi) enhanced SE in citrus callus”
Claim · model-written summary
CsClot was identified as an interacting protein of CsSCL2 and CsSCL3.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A thioredoxin superfamily protein CsClot was identified as an interactive protein of CsSCL2/3”
t0“citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
CsClot overexpression disturbed reactive oxygen species homeostasis in embryogenic callus.
- Organ / stage
- ECe0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of CsClote0
- Gene
- CsClote0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overexpression of CsClot disturbed reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in EC and enhanced SE”
t0“citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
CsClot overexpression enhanced somatic embryogenesis.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overexpression of CsClot disturbed reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in EC and enhanced SE”
t0“citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
CsSCL2 directly suppressed 660 genes enriched for development, auxin signaling, and cell wall organization.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identified 660 genes directly suppressed by CsSCL2 that were enriched in biological processes including development-related processes, auxin signaling pathway, and cell wall organization”
t0“citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
CsSCL2 and CsSCL3 bound regeneration gene promoters and repressed their expression.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsSCL2/3 bound to the promoters of regeneration-related genes, such as WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 2 (CsWOX2), CsWOX13, and Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain 40 (LBD40), and repressed their expression”
t0“citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude CsSCL2 and CsSCL3 modulate ROS homeostasis through CsClot and suppress regeneration genes to regulate embryogenesis.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsSCL2/3 modulate ROS homeostasis through the interactive protein CsClot and directly suppress the expression of regeneration-related genes, thus regulating SE in citrus”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · growth · CitrusPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.