Abstract
The efficiency of natural olive pomace extracts for enhancing the quality of fresh-cut apples was compared with commercial ascorbic acid and two different packaging films (biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) and oriented polypropylene (OPP)) were tested. The composition of atmosphere inside the packages, the physicochemical parameters (firmness, weight loss and color), the microbial load, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of fresh-cut apples were evaluated throughout 12 days of storage at 4 °C. After 12 days of refrigerated storage, a significant decrease in O2 was promoted in PLA films, and the weight loss of the whole packaging was higher in PLA films (5.4%) than in OPP films (0.2%). Natural olive pomace extracts reduced the load of mesophilic bacteria (3.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/g and 2.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/g for OPP and PLA films, respectively) and filamentous fungi (3.3 ± 0.1 log CFU/g and 2.44 ± 0.05 log CFU/g for OPP and PLA films, respectively) growth in fresh-cut apples after five days of storage at 4 °C, and no detection of coliforms was verified throughout the 12 days of storage. In general, the olive pomace extract preserved or improved the total phenolic index and antioxidant potential of the fruit, without significant changes in their firmness. Moreover, this extract seemed to be more effective when combined with the biodegradable PLA film packaging. This work can contribute to the availability of effective natural food additives, the sustainability of the olive oil industries and the reduction of environmental impact. It can also be useful in meeting the food industries requirements to develop new functional food products.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
PLA films decreased package oxygen after 12 days.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- PLA filmse0
- Outcome
- O2e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- After 12 days of refrigerated storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 12 days of refrigerated storage, a significant decrease in O2 was promoted in PLA films”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Package weight loss was 5.4% in PLA films versus 0.2% in OPP films.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- PLA filmse0
- Outcome
- weight loss of the whole packaginge0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.4%e0
- Qualifier
- 0.2%e0
- Comparator
- OPP filmse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weight loss of the whole packaging was higher in PLA films (5.4%) than in OPP films (0.2%)”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract reduced mesophilic bacterial load in OPP-packaged apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Natural olive pomace extractse0
- Outcome
- load of mesophilic bacteriae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/ge0
- Qualifier
- OPPe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Natural olive pomace extracts reduced the load of mesophilic bacteria (3.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/g and 2.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/g for OPP and PLA films, respectively)”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract reduced mesophilic bacterial load in PLA-packaged apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Natural olive pomace extractse0
- Outcome
- load of mesophilic bacteriae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/ge0
- Qualifier
- PLAe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Natural olive pomace extracts reduced the load of mesophilic bacteria (3.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/g and 2.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/g for OPP and PLA films, respectively)”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract reduced filamentous fungi in OPP-packaged apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- olive pomace extractt1
- Outcome
- filamentous fungie0
- Value
- 3.3 ± 0.1 log CFU/ge0
- Qualifier
- OPPe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“filamentous fungi (3.3 ± 0.1 log CFU/g and 2.44 ± 0.05 log CFU/g for OPP and PLA films, respectively) growth in fresh-cut apples”
t1“Olive Pomace Extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract reduced filamentous fungi in PLA-packaged apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- olive pomace extractt1
- Outcome
- filamentous fungie0
- Value
- 2.44 ± 0.05 log CFU/ge0
- Qualifier
- PLAe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“filamentous fungi (3.3 ± 0.1 log CFU/g and 2.44 ± 0.05 log CFU/g for OPP and PLA films, respectively) growth in fresh-cut apples”
t1“Olive Pomace Extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Coliforms were undetected throughout 12 days of storage.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- no detection of coliformse0
- Qualifier
- throughout the 12 days of storagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no detection of coliforms was verified throughout the 12 days of storage”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract preserved or improved total phenolic index and antioxidant potential.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- olive pomace extracte0
- Outcome
- total phenolic index and antioxidant potentiale0
- Direction
- preserved or improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“olive pomace extract preserved or improved the total phenolic index and antioxidant potential of the fruit”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract did not significantly change apple firmness.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- olive pomace extractt1
- Outcome
- firmnesse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“without significant changes in their firmness”
t0“Apples”
t1“Olive Pomace Extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract seemed more effective with PLA film.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- biodegradable PLA film packaginge0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this extract seemed to be more effective when combined with the biodegradable PLA film packaging”
t0“Apples”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.