Abstract
Apple fruits have components of therapeutic nature. Such components, to a great extent, decline or decompose during post-harvest that negatively affect fruit shelf-life. Chitosan fruit-filming has proved useful in maintaining these compounds. This study aims, therefore, at enhancing Chitosan coating-film performance by mixing with some olive wastes extracts of leaf and pomace extracts. Apple fruits were sprayed with six different coating formulas including chitosan-water wax coating, in addition to the uncoated fruits. Then, the total phenolic, flavonoids, antioxidants, pigments, weight loss, decay area, and microstructure were assayed. The bioactive substances drastically changed in uncoated rather than coated fruits. Conversely, weight loss and decay area significantly increased in uncoated fruits. Amazingly, the addition of olive leaf extract to chitosan coating films meaningfully reduced the gradual decline in total phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidants. Olive pomace extract recorded the lowest influencing on anthocyanins during storage at 4 ± 1 °C for 35 d. Also, both olive leaf and pomace extracts enhanced the coating distribution, due to no pores were observed in the fruits’ surfaces. Decidedly, incorporation of olive leaf extracts with 2% into chitosan coating solution was the best formula comparable with the others. Thus, olive wastes extracts, incorporated into chitosan fruit coatings; relatively improve the nutritional quality of apple fruits during post-harvest.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Bioactive substances changed drastically in uncoated apple fruits compared with coated fruits.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica var. Anna
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- coating formulase0
- Outcome
- bioactive substancese1
- Comparator
- uncoated fruitse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus domestica var. Anna)”
e0“Apple fruits were sprayed with six different coating formulas including chitosan-water wax coating, in addition to the uncoated fruits”
e1“The bioactive substances drastically changed in uncoated rather than coated fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Weight loss and decay area increased significantly in uncoated apple fruits.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica var. AnnaMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- coating formulase0
- Outcome
- weight loss and decay areae2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- uncoated fruitse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus domestica var. Anna)”
e0“Apple fruits were sprayed with six different coating formulas including chitosan-water wax coating, in addition to the uncoated fruits”
e2“weight loss and decay area significantly increased in uncoated fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding olive leaf extract to chitosan coating films reduced the gradual decline in total phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidants.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica var. AnnaMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- olive leaf extracte3
- Outcome
- gradual decline in total phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidantse3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus domestica var. Anna)”
e3“the addition of olive leaf extract to chitosan coating films meaningfully reduced the gradual decline in total phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidants”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive pomace extract had the lowest influence on anthocyanins during storage at 4 ± 1 °C for 35 d.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica var. AnnaMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Olive pomace extracte4
- Outcome
- influencing on anthocyaninse4
- Direction
- loweste4
- Qualifier
- during storage at 4 ± 1 °C for 35 de4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus domestica var. Anna)”
e4“Olive pomace extract recorded the lowest influencing on anthocyanins during storage at 4 ± 1 °C for 35 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Olive leaf and pomace extracts both enhanced coating distribution, with no pores on the fruit surface.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica var. AnnaMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- olive leaf and pomace extractse5
- Outcome
- coating distributione5
- Direction
- enhancede5
- Qualifier
- no pores were observed in the fruits’ surfacese5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus domestica var. Anna)”
e5“both olive leaf and pomace extracts enhanced the coating distribution, due to no pores were observed in the fruits’ surfaces”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporating 2% olive leaf extract into the chitosan coating solution gave the best formula compared with the others.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica var. AnnaMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- olive leaf extracts with 2%e6
- Outcome
- best formulae6
- Direction
- beste6
- Value
- 2%e6
- Comparator
- the otherse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus domestica var. Anna)”
e6“incorporation of olive leaf extracts with 2% into chitosan coating solution was the best formula comparable with the others”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
- positive
- positive
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- positive
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See all 64 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.