Abstract
Introduction The perennial grass–legume cropping system benefits soil because of its high biomass turnover, cover cropping nature, and different foraging behaviors. We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system. Methods Depth-wise soil samples were collected after harvesting the Egyptian clover. Based on the ease of oxidation with chromic acid, different pools of SOC oxidizable using the Walkley–Black C method, very labile, labile, less labile, non-labile; and dissolved organic C (DOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and total organic C (TOC) in soils were analyzed for computing several indices of SOC. Result and discussion After 10 years of crop cycles, FYM and NPKF nutrient management recorded greater DOC, MBC, SOC stocks, and C sequestration than the NPK. Stocks of all SOC pools and carbon management index (CMI) decreased with soil depth. A significant improvement in CMI, stratification ratio, sensitivity indices, and sustainable yield index was observed under FYM and NPKF. This grass–legume intercropping system maintained a positive carbon balance sequestered at about 0.8Mg C ha −1 after 10 years without any external input. Approximately 44–51% of the applied carbon through manure was stabilized with SOC under this cropping system. The DOC, MBC, and SOC in passive pools were identified for predicting dry fodder yield. This study concludes that the application of organics in the perennial grass–legume inter cropping system can maintain long-term sustainability, enhance the C sequestration, and offset the carbon footprint of the farm enterprises.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
FYM and NPKF nutrient management recorded greater DOC, MBC and SOC stocks than NPK.
- Taxon
- Guinea grass
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Megathyrsus maximuse0 - Treatment
- FYM and NPKF nutrient managemente1
- Outcome
- DOC, MBC, SOC stockse1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- NPKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e1“After 10 years of crop cycles, FYM and NPKF nutrient management recorded greater DOC, MBC, SOC stocks, and C sequestration than the NPK”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM and NPKF nutrient management recorded greater C sequestration than NPK.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Treatment
- FYM and NPKF nutrient managemente1
- Outcome
- C sequestratione1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- NPKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e1“After 10 years of crop cycles, FYM and NPKF nutrient management recorded greater DOC, MBC, SOC stocks, and C sequestration than the NPK”
Claim · model-written summary
Stocks of all SOC pools and the carbon management index decreased with soil depth.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Outcome
- Stocks of all SOC pools and carbon management index (CMI)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Qualifier
- with soil depthe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e2“Stocks of all SOC pools and carbon management index (CMI) decreased with soil depth”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM and NPKF significantly improved the carbon management index, stratification ratio and sensitivity indices.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Treatment
- FYM and NPKFe3
- Outcome
- CMI, stratification ratio, sensitivity indicese3
- Direction
- improvemente3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e3“A significant improvement in CMI, stratification ratio, sensitivity indices, and sustainable yield index was observed under FYM and NPKF”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM and NPKF significantly improved the sustainable yield index.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Treatment
- FYM and NPKFe3
- Outcome
- sustainable yield indexe3
- Direction
- improvemente3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e3“A significant improvement in CMI, stratification ratio, sensitivity indices, and sustainable yield index was observed under FYM and NPKF”
Claim · model-written summary
The grass-legume system maintained a positive carbon balance of about 0.8 Mg C per ha after 10 years without external input.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Outcome
- positive carbon balancee4
- Value
- about 0.8Mg C ha −1e4
- Qualifier
- after 10 years without any external inpute4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e4“This grass–legume intercropping system maintained a positive carbon balance sequestered at about 0.8Mg C ha −1 after 10 years without any external input”
Claim · model-written summary
About 44–51% of the carbon applied through manure was stabilized with SOC.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Outcome
- applied carbon through manuree5
- Value
- 44–51%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e5“Approximately 44–51% of the applied carbon through manure was stabilized with SOC under this cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
DOC, MBC and SOC in passive pools were identified as predictors of dry fodder yield.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Compound
- DOC, MBC, and SOC in passive poolse6
- Outcome
- dry fodder yielde6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e6“The DOC, MBC, and SOC in passive pools were identified for predicting dry fodder yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that organics in the grass-legume system can maintain long-term sustainability, enhance C sequestration and offset the farm carbon footprint.
- Taxon
- Guinea grassMegathyrsus maximuse0
- Treatment
- application of organicse7
- Outcome
- long-term sustainabilitye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system”
e7“the application of organics in the perennial grass–legume inter cropping system can maintain long-term sustainability”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.