Abstract
Abstract During the autumn of 2022 and 2021, the experiment was carried out in a plastic greenhouse at the Baqubah center nursery, which is part of the Diyala Agriculture Directorate to check out what happens when you sprinkle foliar fertilizer with putrescine at concentrations 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L -1 , symbolized by P 0 , P 50 , P100 and P150 mg L -1 , respectively, and Indole acetic acid at concentrations 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L -1 , symbolized by IAA 0 , IAA 50 , IAA 100 and IAA 150 mg L -1 , respectively, on growth and flowering of two strains (white and red) of snapdragon plant ( Antirrhinum majus L.) cv. ‘Opus III/IV’After being sprayed with putrescine through the leaves, Major enhancements were seen in nearly all aspects of the plant’s growth, both vegetative and floral. Plant height (111.49 cm), number of leaves (433.37 leaves plant-1), and flower stalk length (86.33 cm) were all significantly improved by foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1 , while leaf area (4723.0 cm2) was significantly improved by spraying at a concentration of 100 mg L -1 , and best results were achieved by spraying at a concentration of 50 mg L -1 (102.42 days). Foliar spraying with Indole acetic acid led to a significant increase in vegetative and flowering growth traits. Foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1 resulted in a significant increase in the traits represented by percentage of total carbohydrates (18.37%), nitrogen (2.93%), phosphorous (0.58%) and potassium (3.00%) in the leaves, number of inflorescences (10.75 inflorescence plant -1 ), while spraying treatment with concentration of 50 mg L -1 excelled and gave the best results for the vase life (9.55 days). It is clear from the results that the two strains varied in the traits of vegetative and flowering growth, where they varied in the strength showing of the traits, as the white strain excelled in most of the vegetative and flowering traits and showed a significant increase in number of leaves (421.90 leaf plant -1 ), leaf area (4516.56 cm 2 ), flower stalk length (84.10 cm), and the vase life (10.11 days), while the red strain showed a significant effect in percentage of total carbohydrates (13.09%), nitrogen (2.21%), phosphorous (0.42%), potassium (2.32%) in the leaves, and number of inflorescences (9.33 inflorescence plant -1 ). All vegetative and floral growth parameters were significantly affected by the interaction between putrescine and Indole acetic acid in foliar spraying for two snapdragon plant strains. The best results were found in the red strain’s interaction treatment with spraying of Indole acetic acid at a concentration of 150 mg L -1 for total carbohydrate content (20.70%), nitrogen (3.18%), phosphorus (0.70%), and potassium (3.25%) in the leaves, as well as the number of inflorescences per plant (10.75 inflorescences plant -1 ). The white strain’s interaction treatment with spraying of putrescine at a concentration of 50 mg L -1 (102.42 days).
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine at 150 mg L -1 significantly improved plant height to 111.49 cm.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon Plant
Antirrhinum majust0 - Treatment
- foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- Plant heighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 111.49 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height (111.49 cm), number of leaves (433.37 leaves plant-1), and flower stalk length (86.33 cm) were all significantly improved by foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The same spray improved leaf number to 433.37 per plant.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- number of leavese0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 433.37 leaves plant-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of leaves (433.37 leaves plant-1), and flower stalk length (86.33 cm) were all significantly improved by foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The same spray improved flower stalk length to 86.33 cm.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- flower stalk lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 86.33 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flower stalk length (86.33 cm) were all significantly improved by foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine at 100 mg L -1 improved leaf area to 4723.0 cm2.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Treatment
- spraying at a concentration of 100 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 4723.0 cm2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area (4723.0 cm2) was significantly improved by spraying at a concentration of 100 mg L -1”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine at 50 mg L -1 gave a best reported 102.42-day outcome whose identity is unclear.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Treatment
- spraying at a concentration of 50 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- best resultse0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 102.42 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“best results were achieved by spraying at a concentration of 50 mg L -1 (102.42 days)”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA at 150 mg L -1 increased leaf total carbohydrates to 18.37%.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Treatment
- Foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- percentage of total carbohydratese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 18.37%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spraying treatment at a concentration of 150 mg L -1 resulted in a significant increase in the traits represented by percentage of total carbohydrates (18.37%), nitrogen (2.93%), phosphorous (0.58%) and potassium (3.00%) in the leaves”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA at 150 mg L -1 increased leaf nitrogen to 2.93%.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Treatment
- Indole Acetic Acidt0
- Outcome
- nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 2.93%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increase in the traits represented by percentage of total carbohydrates (18.37%), nitrogen (2.93%), phosphorous (0.58%) and potassium (3.00%) in the leaves”
t0“Indole Acetic Acid on Growth and Flowering of Two Strains of Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA at 150 mg L -1 increased leaf phosphorous to 0.58%.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- phosphorouse0
- Value
- 0.58%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphorous (0.58%)”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA at 150 mg L -1 increased leaf potassium to 3.00%.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Value
- 3.00%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium (3.00%) in the leaves”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA at 150 mg L -1 produced 10.75 inflorescences per plant.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- number of inflorescencese0
- Value
- 10.75 inflorescence plant -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of inflorescences (10.75 inflorescence plant -1 )”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA at 50 mg L -1 gave best vase life of 9.55 days.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Treatment
- spraying treatment with concentration of 50 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- vase lifee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 9.55 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying treatment with concentration of 50 mg L -1 excelled and gave the best results for the vase life (9.55 days)”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
White strain showed significantly greater leaf number, area, stalk length and vase life.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Material
- white straine0
- Outcome
- number of leavese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 421.90 leaf plant -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the white strain excelled in most of the vegetative and flowering traits and showed a significant increase in number of leaves (421.90 leaf plant -1 ), leaf area (4516.56 cm 2 ), flower stalk length (84.10 cm), and the vase life (10.11 days)”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Red strain differed significantly in leaf composition and inflorescence number.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Material
- red straine0
- Outcome
- percentage of total carbohydratese0
- Value
- 13.09%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the red strain showed a significant effect in percentage of total carbohydrates (13.09%), nitrogen (2.21%), phosphorous (0.42%), potassium (2.32%) in the leaves, and number of inflorescences (9.33 inflorescence plant -1 )”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine and IAA interacted significantly across vegetative and floral growth parameters.
- Taxon
- snapdragon plantAntirrhinum majuse0
- Treatment
- interaction between putrescine and Indole acetic acide0
- Outcome
- vegetative and floral growth parameterse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All vegetative and floral growth parameters were significantly affected by the interaction between putrescine and Indole acetic acid in foliar spraying for two snapdragon plant strains”
Claim · model-written summary
Red-strain IAA spray at 150 mg L -1 gave best leaf carbohydrate content of 20.70%.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Material
- red straine0
- Treatment
- spraying of Indole acetic acid at a concentration of 150 mg L -1e0
- Outcome
- total carbohydrate contente0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 20.70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best results were found in the red strain’s interaction treatment with spraying of Indole acetic acid at a concentration of 150 mg L -1 for total carbohydrate content (20.70%), nitrogen (3.18%), phosphorus (0.70%), and potassium (3.25%) in the leaves”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The red-strain interaction gave 3.18% leaf nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- nitrogene0
- Value
- 3.18%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen (3.18%)”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The red-strain interaction gave 0.70% leaf phosphorus.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- phosphoruse0
- Value
- 0.70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphorus (0.70%)”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The red-strain interaction gave 3.25% leaf potassium.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Value
- 3.25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium (3.25%) in the leaves”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The red-strain interaction gave 10.75 inflorescences per plant.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- number of inflorescences per plante0
- Value
- 10.75 inflorescences plant -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of inflorescences per plant (10.75 inflorescences plant -1 )”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
White-strain putrescine at 50 mg L -1 produced a reported 102.42-day result of unclear endpoint.
- Taxon
- Snapdragon PlantAntirrhinum majust0
- Outcome
- interaction treatmente0
- Value
- 102.42 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The white strain’s interaction treatment with spraying of putrescine at a concentration of 50 mg L -1 (102.42 days)”
t0“Snapdragon Plant”
The same questions in other papers
application · quality: sugar starch · Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · growth · Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.