Abstract
Abstract Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst ), is a devastating disease threatening global wheat production. Biocontrol by beneficial microorganisms is considered an alternative to synthetic fungicide applications. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms involved in the biocontrol of wheat stripe rust by streptomycetes. A streptomycete strain XF, isolated from the rhizospheric soil of peony, was identified as Streptomyces tauricus based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. We determined the inhibitory effect of XF on Pst and biocontrol effect on the disease using XF fermentation filtrate (FL) and actinomycete cell suspension (AC). Results revealed that FL inhibited urediniospore germination by up to 99% and rendered a lethality rate of 61.47% against urediniospores. Additionally, crude extract of ethyl acetate phase of FL caused cytoplasm releases from urediniospores and the deformation of germ tubes. Furthermore, histochemical analyses revealed that treatments of plants with AC and FL increased reactive oxygen species, inhibited haustorium formation, and reduced the biomass of Pst in leaves. Electron microscopy showed that XF mycelium was able to colonize the leaf surface. Moreover, gene expression assays revealed that AC and FL treatments induced the expression of a number of pathogenesis-related genes in wheat leaves. Besides, in the greenhouse experiments, the control effects of AC and FL reached 65.48% and 68.25%, respectively. In the field, application of XF fermentation broth significantly reduced the disease indices of stripe rust by 53.83%. These findings suggest that XF is a potential biocontrol agent for managing wheat stripe rust disease.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
XF fermentation filtrate (FL) inhibited urediniospore germination by up to 99%.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- FLe1
- Outcome
- urediniospore germinatione1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Value
- 99%e1
- Qualifier
- up toe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“FL inhibited urediniospore germination by up to 99%”
Claim · model-written summary
XF fermentation filtrate (FL) gave a lethality rate of 61.47% against urediniospores.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FLe1
- Outcome
- lethality ratee1
- Value
- 61.47%e1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“FL inhibited urediniospore germination by up to 99% and rendered a lethality rate of 61.47% against urediniospores”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude extract of the ethyl acetate phase of FL caused cytoplasm release from urediniospores and deformation of germ tubes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- crude extract of ethyl acetate phase of FLe1
- Outcome
- cytoplasm releases from urediniospores and the deformation of germ tubese1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“crude extract of ethyl acetate phase of FL caused cytoplasm releases from urediniospores and the deformation of germ tubes”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of wheat plants with actinomycete cell suspension (AC) increased reactive oxygen species.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ACe1
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen speciese1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“treatments of plants with AC and FL increased reactive oxygen species”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of wheat plants with fermentation filtrate (FL) increased reactive oxygen species.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FLe1
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen speciese1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“treatments of plants with AC and FL increased reactive oxygen species”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of wheat plants with AC inhibited haustorium formation of Pst.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ACe1
- Outcome
- haustorium formatione1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“treatments of plants with AC and FL increased reactive oxygen species, inhibited haustorium formation”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of wheat plants with FL inhibited haustorium formation of Pst.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FLe1
- Outcome
- haustorium formatione1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“treatments of plants with AC and FL increased reactive oxygen species, inhibited haustorium formation”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of wheat plants with AC reduced the biomass of Pst in leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ACe1
- Interactor
- Pste1pathogen
- Outcome
- biomass of Pst in leavese1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“treatments of plants with AC and FL increased reactive oxygen species, inhibited haustorium formation, and reduced the biomass of Pst in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of wheat plants with FL reduced the biomass of Pst in leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FLe1
- Interactor
- Pste1pathogen
- Outcome
- biomass of Pst in leavese1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“treatments of plants with AC and FL increased reactive oxygen species, inhibited haustorium formation, and reduced the biomass of Pst in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Electron microscopy showed that XF mycelium was able to colonize the leaf surface.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- XFe1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- colonize the leaf surfacee1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“Electron microscopy showed that XF mycelium was able to colonize the leaf surface”
Claim · model-written summary
AC and FL treatments induced expression of a number of pathogenesis-related genes in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- AC and FL treatmentse1
- Gene
- pathogenesis-related genese1
- Outcome
- expressione1
- Direction
- inducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“AC and FL treatments induced the expression of a number of pathogenesis-related genes in wheat leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse experiments, AC had a control effect of 65.48% against wheat stripe rust.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“in the greenhouse experiments, the control effects of AC and FL reached 65.48% and 68.25%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse experiments, FL had a control effect of 68.25% against wheat stripe rust.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“in the greenhouse experiments, the control effects of AC and FL reached 65.48% and 68.25%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, XF fermentation broth significantly reduced stripe rust disease indices by 53.83%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of XF fermentation brothe1
- Outcome
- disease indices of stripe ruste1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 53.83%e1
- Setting
- In the fielde1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e1“In the field, application of XF fermentation broth significantly reduced the disease indices of stripe rust by 53.83%”
The same questions in other papers
processing · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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