Abstract
Plants are colonized by numerous microorganisms serving important symbiotic functions that are vital to plant growth and success. Understanding and harnessing these interactions will be useful in both managed and natural ecosystems faced with global change, but it is still unclear how variation in environmental conditions and soils influence the trajectory of these interactions. In this study, we examine how nitrogen addition alters plant-fungal interactions within two species of Populus - Populus deltoides and P . trichocarpa . In this experiment, we manipulated plant host, starting soil (native vs. away for each tree species), and nitrogen addition in a fully factorial replicated design. After ~10 weeks of growth, we destructively harvested the plants and characterized plant growth factors and the soil and root endosphere fungal communities using targeted amplicon sequencing of the ITS2 gene region. Overall, we found nitrogen addition altered plant growth factors, e.g., plant height, chlorophyll density, and plant N content. Interestingly, nitrogen addition resulted in a lower fungal alpha diversity in soils but not plant roots. Further, there was an interactive effect of tree species, soil origin, and nitrogen addition on soil fungal community composition. Starting soils collected from Oregon and West Virginia were dominated by the ectomycorrhizal fungi Inocybe (55.8% relative abundance), but interestingly when P . deltoides was grown in its native West Virginia soil, the roots selected for a high abundance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Rhizophagus . These results highlight the importance of soil origin and plant species on establishing plant-fungal interactions.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen addition altered Populus growth factors including plant height, chlorophyll density and plant N content.
- Treatment
- nitrogen additione1
- Outcome
- plant growth factorse1
- Qualifier
- plant height, chlorophyll density, and plant N contente1
PopulusNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two species of Populus - Populus deltoides and P . trichocarpa”
e1“Overall, we found nitrogen addition altered plant growth factors, e.g., plant height, chlorophyll density, and plant N content”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen addition lowered fungal alpha diversity in soils.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two species of Populus - Populus deltoides and P . trichocarpa”
e2“nitrogen addition resulted in a lower fungal alpha diversity in soils but not plant roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen addition did not change fungal alpha diversity in plant roots.
- Organ / stage
- plant rootse2
- Treatment
- nitrogen additione2
- Outcome
- fungal alpha diversitye2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two species of Populus - Populus deltoides and P . trichocarpa”
e2“nitrogen addition resulted in a lower fungal alpha diversity in soils but not plant roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil fungal community composition depended on an interaction of tree species, soil origin and nitrogen addition.
- Treatment
- nitrogen additione3
- Outcome
- soil fungal community compositione3
- Qualifier
- interactive effect of tree species, soil origine3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two species of Populus - Populus deltoides and P . trichocarpa”
e3“there was an interactive effect of tree species, soil origin, and nitrogen addition on soil fungal community composition”
Claim · model-written summary
Starting soils from Oregon and West Virginia were dominated by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Inocybe, at 55.8% relative abundance.
InocybeOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two species of Populus - Populus deltoides and P . trichocarpa”
e4“Starting soils collected from Oregon and West Virginia were dominated by the ectomycorrhizal fungi Inocybe (55.8% relative abundance)”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots of P. deltoides grown in its native West Virginia soil selected for a high abundance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus.
- Material
- P . deltoidese5
- Organ / stage
- rootse5
- Interactor
- Rhizophaguse5symbiont
- Outcome
- high abundancee5
- Setting
- native West Virginia soile5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two species of Populus - Populus deltoides and P . trichocarpa”
e5“when P . deltoides was grown in its native West Virginia soil, the roots selected for a high abundance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Rhizophagus”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · ecology: diversity · Populus (poplar)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.