Abstract
A field experiment was conducted under open field and net-covered greenhouse at El-Qanater Research Station Farm in Qalubiya Governorate, affiliated to Horticulture Research Institute, ARC Egypt, along two successive early summer seasons of 2020 and 2021 to investigate the effect of different types of bio fertilizers, compost and NPK on growth and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The population fluctuation of sap-sucking insect pests as aphid, Aphid gosspyii (Glov.), and white fly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) attacking common bean were studied. The obtained results indicated that the maximum air temperature (oC) was decreased, but minimum air temperature (oC) and the relative humidity % were increased under net-covered greenhouse compared with open field. The growth parameters i.e., plant length, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight were increased under net-covered greenhouse compare to open field. NPK content of leaves as well as yield and its components were increased compared with open field conditions. The half dose of NPK (50%) and nitrobein or Phosphoren gave the highest values of growth, nutrient content and yield, followed by the full dose of mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) compared with compost and control treatments. Using bio-fertilizers enhanced nutrients absorption for plants duo to the ability of those microorganism to solubilize the unavailable minerals in the soil and increased the efficiency of mixed dose of NPK fertilizer compared to individual full dose of NPK. The statistical analysis of the obtained data revealed that there were significant differences in white fly and aphid stages among most of the tested treatments under field conditions and green house. The highest infestation rates by whitefly and aphids were recorded at NPK fertilizer treatment, and the lower rates infestation were recorded at B.t and half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobein treatments, under field conditions of 2020/2021 season. The highest reduction percentages of whitefly and aphid populations were recorded in the treatments of B.t, resulting 66.35, 59.71, 63.78 and 75.82 % under open field and green house conditions of the first and second seasons, for white fly, and 70.76, 69.66, 51.39 and 89.9 % for aphid respectively, followed by the treatments of half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobein and half recommended rate NPK + Phosphoren. On the other hand, the lowest reduction percentages were recorded in treatments of one recommended rate of NPK and compost under open field and green house conditions of the first and second seasons.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Net covering reduced maximum air temperature compared with open field.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTS
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- net-covered greenhousee0
- Outcome
- maximum air temperature (oC)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- open fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum air temperature (oC) was decreased, but minimum air temperature (oC) and the relative humidity % were increased under net-covered greenhouse compared with open field”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Net covering increased minimum air temperature and relative humidity compared with open field.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- net-covered greenhousee0
- Outcome
- minimum air temperature (oC) and the relative humidity %e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- open fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum air temperature (oC) and the relative humidity % were increased under net-covered greenhouse compared with open field”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Net covering increased common bean growth parameters compared with open field.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- net-covered greenhousee0
- Outcome
- plant length, number of leaves, number of branchese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- open fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth parameters i.e., plant length, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight were increased under net-covered greenhouse compare to open field”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Net covering increased leaf area, stem diameter, and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- net-covered greenhousee0
- Outcome
- leaf area, stem diameter, freshe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- open fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight were increased under net-covered greenhouse compare to open field”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Net covering increased dry weight.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- net-covered greenhousee0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- open fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fresh and dry weight were increased under net-covered greenhouse compare to open field”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Net covering increased leaf NPK content and yield components relative to open field.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- net-covered greenhousee1
- Outcome
- NPK content of leaves as well as yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- open field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK content of leaves as well as yield and its components were increased compared with open field conditions”
e1“under net-covered greenhouse compare to open field”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Half dose NPK with nitrobein gave the highest growth, nutrient content and yield relative to compost and control.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- half dose of NPK (50%) and nitrobeine0
- Outcome
- growth, nutrient content and yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- compost and control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The half dose of NPK (50%) and nitrobein or Phosphoren gave the highest values of growth, nutrient content and yield, followed by the full dose of mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) compared with compost and control treatments”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Half dose NPK with Phosphoren gave the highest growth, nutrient content and yield relative to compost and control.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Phosphorene0
- Outcome
- growth, nutrient content and yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- compost and control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The half dose of NPK (50%) and nitrobein or Phosphoren gave the highest values of growth, nutrient content and yield, followed by the full dose of mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) compared with compost and control treatments”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizers enhanced plant nutrient absorption by solubilizing unavailable soil minerals.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- nutrients absorptione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- solubilize the unavailable minerals in the soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Using bio-fertilizers enhanced nutrients absorption for plants duo to the ability of those microorganism to solubilize the unavailable minerals in the soil”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizers increased the efficiency of mixed NPK relative to full NPK.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- efficiency of mixed dose of NPK fertilizere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- individual full dose of NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the efficiency of mixed dose of NPK fertilizer compared to individual full dose of NPK”
e1“Using bio-fertilizers enhanced nutrients absorption for plants”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Whitefly and aphid stages differed significantly among most treatments.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Interactor
- white flye0pest
- Outcome
- white fly and aphid stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were significant differences in white fly and aphid stages among most of the tested treatments under field conditions and green house”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK fertilizer had the highest whitefly and aphid infestation rates.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NPK fertilizer treatmente0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- infestation rates by whitefly and aphidse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest infestation rates by whitefly and aphids were recorded at NPK fertilizer treatment”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
B.t treatment gave lower whitefly and aphid infestation rates.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- B.te0
- Interactor
- whiteflye1pest
- Outcome
- rates infestatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lower rates infestation were recorded at B.t and half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobein treatments”
e1“whitefly and aphids”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Half rate NPK plus Nitrobein gave lower infestation rates.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobeine0
- Interactor
- whiteflye1pest
- Outcome
- rates infestatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lower rates infestation were recorded at B.t and half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobein treatments”
e1“whitefly and aphids”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
B.t gave the highest whitefly reductions across open and covered conditions in two seasons.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- B.te0
- Interactor
- white flye0pest
- Outcome
- white flye0
- Direction
- highest reductione0
- Value
- 66.35, 59.71, 63.78 and 75.82 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest reduction percentages of whitefly and aphid populations were recorded in the treatments of B.t, resulting 66.35, 59.71, 63.78 and 75.82 % under open field and green house conditions of the first and second seasons, for white fly”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
B.t gave the highest aphid reductions across open and covered conditions in two seasons.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- B.te1
- Interactor
- aphide0pest
- Outcome
- aphide0
- Direction
- highest reductione1
- Value
- 70.76, 69.66, 51.39 and 89.9 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“70.76, 69.66, 51.39 and 89.9 % for aphid respectively”
e1“The highest reduction percentages of whitefly and aphid populations were recorded in the treatments of B.t”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Half rate NPK plus Nitrobein ranked next for insect population reduction.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobeine0
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of whitefly and aphid populationse1
- Direction
- followed bye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by the treatments of half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobein and half recommended rate NPK + Phosphoren”
e1“reduction percentages of whitefly and aphid populations”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Half rate NPK plus Phosphoren ranked next for insect population reduction.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- half recommended rate NPK + Phosphorene0
- Outcome
- reduction percentages of whitefly and aphid populationse1
- Direction
- followed bye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by the treatments of half recommended rate of NPK + Nitrobein and half recommended rate NPK + Phosphoren”
e1“reduction percentages of whitefly and aphid populations”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Full recommended NPK had the lowest insect population reduction.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- one recommended rate of NPKe0
- Interactor
- whiteflye1pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentagese0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest reduction percentages were recorded in treatments of one recommended rate of NPK and compost”
e1“whitefly and aphid populations”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost had the lowest insect population reduction.
- Taxon
- COMMON BEAN PLANTSPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- composte0
- Interactor
- whiteflye1pest
- Outcome
- reduction percentagese0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest reduction percentages were recorded in treatments of one recommended rate of NPK and compost”
e1“whitefly and aphid populations”
t0“COMMON BEAN PLANTS”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.