Abstract
Phytophthora wilt of chilli, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is a major concern for many growers because an effective management method has not been identified yet. In agriculture, animal manures have primarily been focussed on the supply of nutrients to the crops but their use for suppression of soil borne diseases is not well investigated and understood. In this study, we examined the efficacy of five different animal manures (poultry, cattle, goat, pig and sheep) at four levels (1, 5, 10 and 20% volume/volume) added to potting mix for management of Phytophthora wilt of chilli. The preliminary study revealed that the quantity of 5 g per pot (500 mL) of P. capsici-colonised millet-seed inoculum was effective for the development of Phytophthora wilt in chilli seedlings grown in coir-based potting media. The main greenhouse experiments were conducted in randomised complete design with five replications. The results showed that all types of manures were effective in increasing the survival rate of chilli by reducing the incidence of Phytophthora wilt. In the first planting all manures caused at least two-fold increase in plant survival compared to the inoculated control. The chilli plant survival was much higher in the second planting when seedlings were planted after six week of incorporation of manures and seven weeks after inoculation of potting mix. Among manures, the highest plant survival percentage at the final assessment was found in pots amended with 20% v/v poultry manure in both the first (66%) and the second (86%) plantings. For sustainable and effective management of Phytophthora wilt of chilli, this study recommends application of poultry manure to growing media two months before planting of chilli seedlings.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
P. capsici-colonised millet-seed inoculum at 5 g per pot induced wilt in chilli seedlings.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- 5 g per pot (500 mL) of P. capsici-colonised millet-seed inoculume0
- Interactor
- P. capsici
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Phytophthora capsicie0pathogen - Outcome
- development of Phytophthora wilte0
- Setting
- coir-based potting mediae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The preliminary study revealed that the quantity of 5 g per pot (500 mL) of P. capsici-colonised millet-seed inoculum was effective for the development of Phytophthora wilt in chilli seedlings grown in coir-based potting media”
Claim · model-written summary
All manure types reduced Phytophthora wilt incidence.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- all types of manurese0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora
Phytophthorae0pathogen - Outcome
- incidence of Phytophthora wilte0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all types of manures were effective in increasing the survival rate of chilli by reducing the incidence of Phytophthora wilt”
Claim · model-written summary
All manure types increased chilli survival.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- all types of manurese0
- Interactor
- PhytophthoraPhytophthorae0pathogen
- Outcome
- survival rate of chillie0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all types of manures were effective in increasing the survival rate of chilli by reducing the incidence of Phytophthora wilt”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first planting, all manures at least doubled survival relative to inoculated controls.
- Treatment
- all manurese0
- Outcome
- plant survivale0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- at least two-folde0
- Qualifier
- first plantinge0
- Comparator
- inoculated controle0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“In the first planting all manures caused at least two-fold increase in plant survival compared to the inoculated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilli survival was much higher in the second planting after a six-week manure incorporation interval.
Verbatim
e0“The chilli plant survival was much higher in the second planting when seedlings were planted after six week of incorporation of manures and seven weeks after inoculation of potting mix”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty percent poultry manure produced the highest final survival in the first planting, 66%.
- Treatment
- 20% v/v poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- plant survival percentagee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 66%e0
- Qualifier
- firste0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest plant survival percentage at the final assessment was found in pots amended with 20% v/v poultry manure in both the first (66%) and the second (86%) plantings”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty percent poultry manure produced the highest final survival in the second planting, 86%.
- Treatment
- 20% v/v poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- plant survival percentagee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 86%e0
- Qualifier
- seconde0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest plant survival percentage at the final assessment was found in pots amended with 20% v/v poultry manure in both the first (66%) and the second (86%) plantings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend adding poultry manure to growing media two months before planting chilli seedlings.
Verbatim
e0“this study recommends application of poultry manure to growing media two months before planting of chilli seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Phytophthora capsici · Capsicum (peppers)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.