Abstract
The sodium influx into the cytosol of mesophyll protoplasts from Arabidopsis thaliana cv. Columbia, wild type, was compared with the influx into sos1-1 and nhx1 genotypes, which lack the Na+/H+ antiporter in the plasma membrane and tonoplast, respectively. Changes in cytosolic sodium and calcium concentrations upon a 100 mM NaCl addition were detected by use of epifluorescence microscopy and the sodium-specific fluorescent dye SBFI, AM, and calcium sensitive Fura 2, AM, respectively. There was a smaller and mainly transient influx of Na+ in the cytosol of the wild type compared with the sos1-1 and nhx1 genotypes, in which the influx lasted for a longer time. Sodium chloride addition to the protoplasts’ medium induced a significant increase in cytosolic calcium concentration in the wild type at 1.0 mM external calcium, and to a lesser extent in nhx1, however, it was negligible in the sos1-1 genotype. LiCl inhibited the cytosolic calcium elevation in the wild type. The results suggest that the salt-induced calcium elevation in the cytosol of mesophyll cells depends on an influx from both internal and external stores and occurs in the presence of an intact Na+/H+ antiporter at the plasma membrane. The Arabidopsis SOS1 more effectively regulates sodium homeostasis than NHX1.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Wild type had a smaller, mainly transient cytosolic Na+ influx than sos1-1 and nhx1, where influx lasted longer.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Material
- wild typee0
- Outcome
- influx of Na+ in the cytosole0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- sos1-1 and nhx1 genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a smaller and mainly transient influx of Na+ in the cytosol of the wild type compared with the sos1-1 and nhx1 genotypes, in which the influx lasted for a longer time.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl significantly increased cytosolic calcium in wild type at 1.0 mM external calcium.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- wild typee0
- Treatment
- Sodium chloride additione0
- Outcome
- cytosolic calcium concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- 1.0 mM external calciume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium chloride addition to the protoplasts’ medium induced a significant increase in cytosolic calcium concentration in the wild type at 1.0 mM external calcium”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl raised cytosolic calcium to a lesser extent in nhx1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- nhx1e0
- Treatment
- Sodium chloride additione1
- Outcome
- cytosolic calcium concentratione1
- Direction
- lesser extente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and to a lesser extent in nhx1, however, it was negligible in the sos1-1 genotype.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Sodium chloride addition to the protoplasts’ medium induced a significant increase in cytosolic calcium concentration in the wild type at 1.0 mM external calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl induced negligible cytosolic calcium change in sos1-1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- sos1-1 genotypee0
- Treatment
- Sodium chloride additione1
- Outcome
- cytosolic calcium concentratione1
- Direction
- negligiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was negligible in the sos1-1 genotype.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Sodium chloride addition to the protoplasts’ medium induced a significant increase in cytosolic calcium concentration in the wild type at 1.0 mM external calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
LiCl inhibited cytosolic calcium elevation in wild type.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- wild typee0
- Treatment
- LiCle0
- Outcome
- cytosolic calcium elevatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LiCl inhibited the cytosolic calcium elevation in the wild type.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-induced cytosolic calcium elevation depends on internal and external influx and an intact plasma-membrane Na+/H+ antiporter.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- Na+/H+ antiportere0
- Outcome
- salt-induced calcium elevation in the cytosol of mesophyll cellse0
- Qualifier
- influx from both internal and external storese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results suggest that the salt-induced calcium elevation in the cytosol of mesophyll cells depends on an influx from both internal and external stores and occurs in the presence of an intact Na+/H+ antiporter at the plasma membrane.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
SOS1 regulates sodium homeostasis more effectively than NHX1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- SOS1e0
- Outcome
- sodium homeostasise0
- Direction
- more effectivelye0
- Comparator
- NHX1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis SOS1 more effectively regulates sodium homeostasis than NHX1.”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · nutrient: content · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.