Abstract
This study explores the effect of phosphorus (P) fractions, under P addition or not, based on a common vetch-rape model cropping system in alkaline soil. A two year field experiment was conducted at Tuzuo Banner modern agricultural Park in Inner Mongolia, China. Two phosphorus levels, including P0 (no fertilizer) and P45 (45 kg·ha−1 P), were performed in common vetch and rape either grown alone or intercropped. We analyzed the changes of the physicochemical properties and phosphorus fractions in the rhizosphere soil. Intercropping enhanced the common vetch and rape yield by 42.05% and 24.91%, on average, compared with corresponding sole cropping on an equivalent area basis. The average land equivalent ratio (LER) was 1.34. Intercropping had a significant AP concentration, of 65.32% and 33.99% at the P0 level, and 62.83% and 36.19% at the P45 level, respectively, compared to that of the sole common vetch and rape. With the application of P, intercropping improved the Resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi fraction (61.17%, 87.03% at the P0 level and 96.50%, 41.85% at the P45 level, compared to monocropped common vetch and rape in 2019). The changes in NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po (except for NaOH-Pi in 2019) showed no significant difference between cropping systems. Intercropping significantly accumulated concentrations of HCl-P, while depleting Residual-P, in 2020. In conclusion, common vetch/rape with the addition of P polyculture stimulated rhizosphere soil P mobilization and had a yield advantage over sole cropping.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased common vetch yield by 42.05% compared with sole cropping.
- Taxon
- common vetch
_Vicia_sativa.jpg?width=60)
Vicia sativae1 - Treatment
- Intercroppinge1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 42.05%e1
- Comparator
- sole croppinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Vicia_sativa.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Intercropping enhanced the common vetch and rape yield by 42.05% and 24.91%, on average, compared with corresponding sole cropping on an equivalent area basis”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased rape yield by 24.91% compared with sole cropping.
- Taxon
- rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse1 - Treatment
- Intercroppinge1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 24.91%e1
- Comparator
- sole croppinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Intercropping enhanced the common vetch and rape yield by 42.05% and 24.91%, on average, compared with corresponding sole cropping on an equivalent area basis”
Claim · model-written summary
The average land equivalent ratio of the common vetch-rape intercropping system was 1.34.
Verbatim
e2“The average land equivalent ratio (LER) was 1.34”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping gave a significantly higher AP concentration in common vetch than sole cropping at the P0 level (65.32%).
- Taxon
- common vetchVicia sativae4
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge4
- Outcome
- AP concentratione4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 65.32%e4
- Qualifier
- P0 levele4
- Comparator
- sole common vetch and rapee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Intercropping had a significant AP concentration, of 65.32% and 33.99% at the P0 level, and 62.83% and 36.19% at the P45 level, respectively, compared to that of the sole common vetch and rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping gave a significantly higher AP concentration in rape than sole cropping at the P0 level (33.99%).
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse4
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge4
- Outcome
- AP concentratione4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 33.99%e4
- Qualifier
- P0 levele4
- Comparator
- sole common vetch and rapee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Intercropping had a significant AP concentration, of 65.32% and 33.99% at the P0 level, and 62.83% and 36.19% at the P45 level, respectively, compared to that of the sole common vetch and rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping gave a significantly higher AP concentration in common vetch than sole cropping at the P45 level (62.83%).
- Taxon
- common vetchVicia sativae4
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge4
- Outcome
- AP concentratione4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 62.83%e4
- Qualifier
- P45 levele4
- Comparator
- sole common vetch and rapee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Intercropping had a significant AP concentration, of 65.32% and 33.99% at the P0 level, and 62.83% and 36.19% at the P45 level, respectively, compared to that of the sole common vetch and rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping gave a significantly higher AP concentration in rape than sole cropping at the P45 level (36.19%).
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse4
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge4
- Outcome
- AP concentratione4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 36.19%e4
- Qualifier
- P45 levele4
- Comparator
- sole common vetch and rapee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Intercropping had a significant AP concentration, of 65.32% and 33.99% at the P0 level, and 62.83% and 36.19% at the P45 level, respectively, compared to that of the sole common vetch and rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping improved Resin-Pi in common vetch and rape at the P0 level (61.17%).
- Taxon
- common vetch and rapeBrassica napusVicia sativae5
- Treatment
- intercroppinge5
- Outcome
- Resin-Pie5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 61.17%e5
- Qualifier
- P0 levele5
- Comparator
- monocropped common vetch and rapee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“With the application of P, intercropping improved the Resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi fraction (61.17%, 87.03% at the P0 level and 96.50%, 41.85% at the P45 level, compared to monocropped common vetch and rape in 2019)”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping improved NaHCO3-Pi in common vetch and rape at the P0 level (87.03%).
- Taxon
- common vetch and rapeBrassica napusVicia sativae5
- Treatment
- intercroppinge5
- Outcome
- NaHCO3-Pie5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 87.03%e5
- Qualifier
- P0 levele5
- Comparator
- monocropped common vetch and rapee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“With the application of P, intercropping improved the Resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi fraction (61.17%, 87.03% at the P0 level and 96.50%, 41.85% at the P45 level, compared to monocropped common vetch and rape in 2019)”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping improved Resin-Pi in common vetch and rape at the P45 level (96.50%).
- Taxon
- common vetch and rapeBrassica napusVicia sativae5
- Treatment
- intercroppinge5
- Outcome
- Resin-Pie5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 96.50%e5
- Qualifier
- P45 levele5
- Comparator
- monocropped common vetch and rapee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“With the application of P, intercropping improved the Resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi fraction (61.17%, 87.03% at the P0 level and 96.50%, 41.85% at the P45 level, compared to monocropped common vetch and rape in 2019)”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping improved NaHCO3-Pi in common vetch and rape at the P45 level (41.85%).
- Taxon
- common vetch and rapeBrassica napusVicia sativae5
- Treatment
- intercroppinge5
- Outcome
- NaHCO3-Pie5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 41.85%e5
- Qualifier
- P45 levele5
- Comparator
- monocropped common vetch and rapee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“With the application of P, intercropping improved the Resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi fraction (61.17%, 87.03% at the P0 level and 96.50%, 41.85% at the P45 level, compared to monocropped common vetch and rape in 2019)”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po showed no significant difference between intercropping and sole cropping, except NaOH-Pi in 2019.
Verbatim
e6“The changes in NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po (except for NaOH-Pi in 2019) showed no significant difference between cropping systems”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping significantly accumulated HCl-P concentrations in 2020.
- Taxon
- common vetch-rapee3
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge7
- Outcome
- concentrations of HCl-Pe7
- Direction
- accumulatede7
- Qualifier
- in 2020e7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e7“Intercropping significantly accumulated concentrations of HCl-P, while depleting Residual-P, in 2020”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping depleted Residual-P in 2020.
- Taxon
- common vetch-rapee3
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge7
- Outcome
- Residual-Pe7
- Direction
- depletinge7
- Qualifier
- in 2020e7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e7“Intercropping significantly accumulated concentrations of HCl-P, while depleting Residual-P, in 2020”
e3“common vetch-rape model cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Common vetch/rape with P addition stimulated rhizosphere soil P mobilization relative to sole cropping.
- Taxon
- common vetch/rapeBrassica napusVicia sativae0
- Treatment
- addition of Pe0
- Outcome
- rhizosphere soil P mobilizatione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Comparator
- sole croppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“common vetch/rape with the addition of P polyculture stimulated rhizosphere soil P mobilization and had a yield advantage over sole cropping”
The same questions in other papers
intercropping · yield · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results differ
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →intercropping · yield · Vicia sativa (common vetch)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →intercropping · molecular: metabolites · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.