Paper · 2022 · Irrigation and Drainage

Economic analysis of irrigation in the production system of soybean and second‐season maize in sandy soil areas in Brazil

Ricardo Gava; Flávio Henrique Campos; Rubens Duarte Coelho; et al.

9
claims
18
verbatim quotes
3
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract The objective of the present work was to perform an economic analysis of centre‐pivot irrigation implantation on a sandy soil area with different previous land uses. Thus, it was possible to analyse three initial soil conditions inside (irrigated) and outside (rainfed) the centre pivot. The opening area (P1) was characterized by soybean planting for the first time after degraded pasture, P2 consisted of the second year of harvesting soybean/maize second season, and P3 consisted of the third year of harvest. Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize. The centre‐pivot irrigation system was not profitable at the earliest stage of soil recovery (P1) immediately after degraded pasture because soil fertility limited yields. There was a 23% and 33% increase in soybean yield for the areas with 2 years (P2) and 3 years (P3) of soil recovery, respectively, compared to the first year. However, second‐season maize had an increased yield of 19% for the third‐year area (P3) compared to the first year (P1). Profit increased from P3 to P1 by $1541 ha −1 for soybean, $2654 ha −1 for maize and $2097 ha −1 overall. Irrigation treatments increased profit by 45%.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Centre-pivot irrigation was not profitable at the earliest stage of soil recovery, immediately after degraded pasture, in soybean production.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
centre‐pivot irrigation systeme1
Outcome
profitablee1
Direction
not profitablee1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“The centre‐pivot irrigation system was not profitable at the earliest stage of soil recovery (P1) immediately after degraded pasture because soil fertility limited yields”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 567–737 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil fertility limited yields at the earliest stage of soil recovery, which made centre-pivot irrigation unprofitable.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Outcome
yieldse1
Qualifier
soil fertility limitede1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“The centre‐pivot irrigation system was not profitable at the earliest stage of soil recovery (P1) immediately after degraded pasture because soil fertility limited yields”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 567–737 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean yield increased by 23% in areas with 2 years of soil recovery compared with the first year.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
areas with 2 years (P2)e1
Outcome
soybean yielde1
Direction
increasee1
Value
23%e1
Comparator
the first yeare1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“There was a 23% and 33% increase in soybean yield for the areas with 2 years (P2) and 3 years (P3) of soil recovery, respectively, compared to the first year”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 739–896 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean yield increased by 33% in areas with 3 years of soil recovery compared with the first year.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
3 years (P3) of soil recoverye1
Outcome
soybean yielde1
Direction
increasee1
Value
33%e1
Comparator
the first yeare1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“There was a 23% and 33% increase in soybean yield for the areas with 2 years (P2) and 3 years (P3) of soil recovery, respectively, compared to the first year”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 739–896 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Second-season maize yield increased by 19% in the third-year area compared with the first year.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
third‐year area (P3)e1
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
increasede1
Value
19%e1
Comparator
the first year (P1)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“However, second‐season maize had an increased yield of 19% for the third‐year area (P3) compared to the first year (P1)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 898–1017 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Profit from soybean increased by $1541 ha −1 from P3 to P1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Outcome
Profite1
Direction
increasede1
Value
$1541 ha −1e1
Qualifier
from P3 to P1e1
Comparator
P3e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“Profit increased from P3 to P1 by $1541 ha −1 for soybean, $2654 ha −1 for maize and $2097 ha −1 overall”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1019–1123 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Profit from maize increased by $2654 ha −1 from P3 to P1.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Outcome
Profite1
Direction
increasede1
Value
$2654 ha −1e1
Qualifier
from P3 to P1e1
Comparator
P3e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“Profit increased from P3 to P1 by $1541 ha −1 for soybean, $2654 ha −1 for maize and $2097 ha −1 overall”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1019–1123 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Overall profit from soybean and maize increased by $2097 ha −1 from P3 to P1.

Taxon
soybean and maizeGlycine maxZea mayse0
Outcome
Profite1
Direction
increasede1
Value
$2097 ha −1e1
Qualifier
overalle1
Comparator
P3e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“Profit increased from P3 to P1 by $1541 ha −1 for soybean, $2654 ha −1 for maize and $2097 ha −1 overall”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1019–1123 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation treatments increased profit by 45%.

Taxon
soybean and maizeGlycine maxZea mayse0
Treatment
Irrigation treatmentse1
Outcome
profite1
Direction
increasede1
Value
45%e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 522–565 · show in text ↑
e1

“Irrigation treatments increased profit by 45%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1125–1170 · show in text ↑

rewatering · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 3 positive, 2 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. positive

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irrigation · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

343 papers: 264 positive, 79 negative or no effect

263 papers in the same direction as this paper · 72 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

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irrigation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

1,016 papers: 791 positive, 225 negative or no effect

790 papers in the same direction as this paper · 209 in the opposite direction · 16 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

1,012 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.