Abstract
Traditional foliar spray and soil drench applications of crop protection compounds have been ineffective at managing huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus. Trunk injection is a technique that delivers crop protection compounds directly into the tree vasculature, which optimizes compound availability while minimizing drift, runoff, and damage to non-target organisms. Five-year-old HLB-affected ‘Valencia’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) trees were injected with the insecticide imidacloprid or the antibacterial oxytetracycline in October 2020 and April 2021. Trees were monitored for tree health, psyllid colonization, bacterial titers, fruit quality, fruit drop, and yield for two production seasons. Imidacloprid injection caused 63% mortality of psyllid adults within one week and reduced progeny survival by 80%, though the efficacy waned within two months. Injection with oxytetracycline significantly improved tree health, reduced bacterial titers, and reduced preharvest fruit drop by more than 3-fold with corresponding increases in yield. Residue dynamics varied by injected compound and tissue analyzed. These results suggest trunk injection could be an effective delivery method for existing or novel therapeutics targeting either the insect vector or the pathogen causing HLB.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid injection caused 63% adult psyllid mortality within one week.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees
Citrus sinensist0 - Treatment
- Imidacloprid injectione0
- Interactor
- psyllide0pest
- Outcome
- mortality of psyllid adultse0
- Direction
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 63%e0
- Qualifier
- within one weeke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imidacloprid injection caused 63% mortality of psyllid adults within one week”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid injection reduced psyllid progeny survival by 80%.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid injectione1
- Interactor
- psyllide1pest
- Outcome
- progeny survivale0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced progeny survival by 80%”
e1“Imidacloprid injection caused 63% mortality of psyllid adults”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid efficacy waned within two months.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid injectione1
- Outcome
- efficacye0
- Direction
- wanede0
- Qualifier
- within two monthse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the efficacy waned within two months.”
e1“Imidacloprid injection caused 63% mortality of psyllid adults”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxytetracycline injection significantly improved tree health.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Injection with oxytetracyclinee0
- Outcome
- tree healthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injection with oxytetracycline significantly improved tree health”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxytetracycline injection reduced bacterial titers.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Injection with oxytetracyclinee0
- Outcome
- bacterial titerse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injection with oxytetracycline significantly improved tree health, reduced bacterial titers”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxytetracycline injection reduced preharvest fruit drop more than threefold.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Injection with oxytetracyclinee1
- Outcome
- preharvest fruit drope0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- more than 3-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced preharvest fruit drop by more than 3-fold”
e1“Injection with oxytetracycline”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxytetracycline injection increased yield.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Injection with oxytetracyclinee1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with corresponding increases in yield.”
e1“Injection with oxytetracycline”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue dynamics varied by injected compound and analyzed tissue.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Outcome
- Residue dynamicse0
- Direction
- variede0
- Qualifier
- injected compound and tissue analyzede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residue dynamics varied by injected compound and tissue analyzed.”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest trunk injection as a delivery method for therapeutics against the HLB insect vector or pathogen.
- Taxon
- Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) TreesCitrus sinensist0
- Outcome
- trunk injection could be an effective delivery methode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results suggest trunk injection could be an effective delivery method for existing or novel therapeutics targeting either the insect vector or the pathogen causing HLB.”
t0“Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Trees”
The same questions in other papers
oxytetracycline · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
application · pest · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →application · yield · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
64 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
73 papers more in this group
See all 77 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.