Abstract
An iodine biofortification experiment was conducted by applying potassium iodate fertilizer in soil and foliar form and chitosan complex forms to investigate the growth, yield, quality and uptake of iodine in shivam hybrid of tomato in Palaviduthi soil series of Coimbatore region. Soil fertilization alone resulted in lower uptake of iodine in fruits because the iodine is susceptible to high volatilization and less phytoavailability and also resulted in less yield and poor quality of fruits. When the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar form, the quality of the fruits was found to be superior (carotene-1.24 mg 100gm-1 ascorbic acid- 3.56 mg 100gm-1, titrable acidity-0.96%), with higher fruit yield (94.81 t ha-1) and uptake of iodine in fruits (0.99ppm). Potassium iodate alone, either in the form of soil or foliar application, increased the quality of fruits, but it did not prevent the loss of various pigments and acids during ripening and also the loss of iodine through volatilization. But chitosan conserved the losses by reducing the respiration rate and oxygen permeability. Further, chitosan formed an electrostatic interaction with potassium iodate, preventing volatilisation and gradually increasing the bioavailability of iodine from soil to fruits. Hence biofortifying iodine in the form of potassium iodate chitosan complex was preferred for enhancing yield, improving quality and increasing the iodine content in fruits.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Soil fertilization alone with potassium iodate resulted in lower iodine uptake in tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Soil fertilization alonee0
- Outcome
- uptake of iodine in fruitse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Soil fertilization alone resulted in lower uptake of iodine in fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil fertilization alone resulted in less yield and poor quality of tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Soil fertilization alonee1
- Outcome
- yield and poor quality of fruitse0
- Direction
- lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“resulted in less yield and poor quality of fruits”
e1“Soil fertilization alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of chitosan and potassium iodate in combination gave superior tomato fruit quality, with carotene at 1.24 mg 100gm-1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar forme0
- Outcome
- carotenee0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 1.24 mg 100gm-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“When the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar form, the quality of the fruits was found to be superior (carotene-1.24 mg 100gm-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of chitosan and potassium iodate in combination gave superior tomato fruit quality, with ascorbic acid at 3.56 mg 100gm-1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar forme0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acide0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 3.56 mg 100gm-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“When the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar form, the quality of the fruits was found to be superior (carotene-1.24 mg 100gm-1 ascorbic acid- 3.56 mg 100gm-1”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of chitosan and potassium iodate in combination gave superior tomato fruit quality, with titrable acidity of 0.96%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar forme0
- Outcome
- titrable aciditye0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 0.96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“When the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar form, the quality of the fruits was found to be superior (carotene-1.24 mg 100gm-1 ascorbic acid- 3.56 mg 100gm-1, titrable acidity-0.96%”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of chitosan and potassium iodate in combination gave higher tomato fruit yield of 94.81 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar forme0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 94.81 t ha-1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“When the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar form”
e1“higher fruit yield (94.81 t ha-1) and uptake of iodine in fruits (0.99ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of chitosan and potassium iodate in combination gave higher iodine uptake in tomato fruits of 0.99ppm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar forme0
- Outcome
- uptake of iodine in fruitse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 0.99ppme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“When the chitosan and potassium iodate were applied in combination through foliar form”
e1“higher fruit yield (94.81 t ha-1) and uptake of iodine in fruits (0.99ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium iodate alone, applied to soil or foliage, increased the quality of tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Potassium iodate alone, either in the form of soil or foliar applicatione0
- Outcome
- quality of fruitse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Potassium iodate alone, either in the form of soil or foliar application, increased the quality of fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium iodate alone did not prevent the loss of various pigments and acids during ripening of tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Potassium iodate alonee0
- Outcome
- loss of various pigments and acids during ripeninge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Potassium iodate alone, either in the form of soil or foliar application, increased the quality of fruits, but it did not prevent the loss of various pigments and acids during ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium iodate alone did not prevent the loss of iodine through volatilization.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Potassium iodate alonee0
- Outcome
- loss of iodine through volatilizatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Potassium iodate alone, either in the form of soil or foliar application, increased the quality of fruits, but it did not prevent the loss of various pigments and acids during ripening and also the loss of iodine through volatilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan is asserted to have conserved losses in tomato fruits by reducing the respiration rate and oxygen permeability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- lossese0
- Qualifier
- reducing the respiration rate and oxygen permeabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“chitosan conserved the losses by reducing the respiration rate and oxygen permeability”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan is asserted to form an electrostatic interaction with potassium iodate, preventing volatilisation and gradually increasing the bioavailability of iodine from soil to fruits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- bioavailability of iodinee0
- Qualifier
- electrostatic interaction with potassium iodatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“chitosan formed an electrostatic interaction with potassium iodate, preventing volatilisation and gradually increasing the bioavailability of iodine from soil to fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofortifying iodine as potassium iodate chitosan complex is recommended for enhancing yield, improving quality and increasing iodine content in tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- enhancing yield, improving quality and increasing the iodine content in fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“biofortifying iodine in the form of potassium iodate chitosan complex was preferred for enhancing yield, improving quality and increasing the iodine content in fruits”
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66 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 80 papers →8 of 21 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.