Abstract
The use of synthetic fertilizers is a potential source of environmental hazards. Natural plant-based growth regulators are eco-friendly, inexpensive and their use is highly recommended. Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) is also known as a miracle plant with high nutritional content, medicinal and plant growth-promoting properties due to the presence of appreciable levels of hormones, vitamins, micro, and macronutrients. However, no literature has been found regarding the effect of moringa leaf extract (MLE) application on safflower plants (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Therefore, the present experiment investigated the effect of two different concentrations of MLE (3 and 20%) on various biochemical, mineral content, growth, and biomass-related attributes of safflower plants. Results revealed that application of MLE significantly improved chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), shoot and root length, fresh and dry biomass. Moreover, MLE application also significantly enhanced activities of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) while decreasing H2O2 and MDA content. Foliar application of MLE also resulted in a notable increase in proline, glycine betaine, and mineral content. The application of MLE (20%) manifested maximum improvement in all attributes when compared to MLE (3%). Pearson's correlation analysis revealed positive correlation among growth, biomass, biochemical and mineral content, whereas a strong negative correlation was found between these traits and oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and MDA) under MLE application. The present experimental findings indicate that MLE application can be employed as a natural plant growth regulator. Furthermore, the MLE enhanced the antioxidant system and reduced oxidative stress, therefore, it can be used to ameliorate the detrimental effects of environmental adversities on plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
MLE significantly improved chlorophyll content and photosystem II maximum quantum yield in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflower plants
Carthamus tinctoriust0 - Treatment
- application of MLEe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of MLE significantly improved chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm)”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE significantly improved shoot and root length and fresh biomass in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- application of MLEe0
- Outcome
- shoot and root length, fresh and dry biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of MLE significantly improved chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), shoot and root length, fresh and dry biomass”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE significantly increased leaf SOD, POD and CAT activities.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- MLE applicatione0
- Outcome
- activities of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MLE application also significantly enhanced activities of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT)”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE decreased safflower H2O2 and MDA content.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- MLE applicatione0
- Outcome
- H2O2 and MDA contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MLE application also significantly enhanced activities of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) while decreasing H2O2 and MDA content”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar MLE increased safflower proline, glycine betaine and mineral content.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of MLEe0
- Outcome
- proline, glycine betaine, and mineral contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of MLE also resulted in a notable increase in proline, glycine betaine, and mineral content”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
MLE at 20% gave maximum improvement across measured attributes relative to 3%.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- MLE (20%)e0
- Outcome
- all attributese0
- Direction
- maximum improvemente0
- Comparator
- MLE (3%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of MLE (20%) manifested maximum improvement in all attributes when compared to MLE (3%)”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth, biomass, biochemical and mineral content traits correlated positively under MLE.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- MLEe1
- Outcome
- growth, biomass, biochemical and mineral contente0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlation among growth, biomass, biochemical and mineral content”
t0“safflower plants”
e1“under MLE application”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxidative stress markers correlated negatively with growth, biomass, biochemical and mineral traits under MLE.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- MLE applicatione0
- Outcome
- oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and MDA)e0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a strong negative correlation was found between these traits and oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and MDA) under MLE application”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose MLE as a natural plant growth regulator.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- natural plant growth regulatore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MLE application can be employed as a natural plant growth regulator”
t0“safflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose MLE to ameliorate environmental adversity effects on plants.
- Taxon
- safflower plantsCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Outcome
- ameliorate the detrimental effects of environmental adversities on plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it can be used to ameliorate the detrimental effects of environmental adversities on plants”
t0“safflower plants”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.