Paper · 2022 · Agronomy

Nitrogen Fertilizer and Sowing Density Affect Flag Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics, Grain Yield, and Yield Components of Oat in a Semiarid Region of Northwest China

Zeliang Ju; Kaiqiang Liu; Guiqin Zhao; et al.

7
claims
12
verbatim quotes
22
citations
2
research areas
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Oat has been gaining renewed interest due to its role in a healthy human diet, in animal feed, and as a source of high value compounds with industrial applications. Nitrogen fertilization and planting density are two of the most important crop management practices that affect the formation of yield components and final yield of oat. A 2 year 3 × 5 factorial field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and planting density on the flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield, and yield components under rainfed conditions. The experiment consisted of three sowing densities (60, 180, and 300 kg·ha−1) and five nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg·ha−1). Results showed that the grain yield was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with the leaf net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), water-use efficiency (WUE), stomatal limitation value (Ls), chlorophyll content (SPAD value), leaf area index (LAI), panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle (NSP), number of grains per panicle (NGP), weight of grains per panicle (WGP), and 1000-kernel weight. Among the yield components, grain yield was driven by number of spikelets per panicle (NSP) and number of grains per panicle (NGP) at low (or high) planting density with low N supply, whereas, at high N supply, 1000-kernel weight was also an important factor for yield. Nitrogen fertilizer and sowing density had significant (p < 0.05) effects on the flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield, and yield components of oat. The yield components increased and then decreased with the increase in nitrogen fertilizer, while they decreased with the increase in planting density. The maximum values (p < 0.05) of grain yield were observed in the nitrogen fertilization of 90 kg·ha−1 and sowing density of 180 kg·ha−1 treatment in both growing seasons, mainly contributing to the improved leaf photosynthesis traits (Pn, Gs, Tr, Ls, SPAD, and LAI). The combination of nitrogen fertilization of 90 kg·ha−1 and sowing density of 180 kg·ha−1 is suitable for oat production on a cool semiarid plateau or other agroecozones with similar environmental conditions.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

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Claims 7

Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Grain yield correlated significantly with measured photosynthetic traits, leaf area and yield components.

Organ / stage
leafe0
Outcome
grain yielde0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Avena sativa
Avena sativa · TaxonSendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“grain yield was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with the leaf net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), water-use efficiency (WUE), stomatal limitation value (Ls), chlorophyll content (SPAD value), leaf area index (LAI), panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle (NSP), number of grains per panicle (NGP), weight of grains per panicle (WGP), and 1000-kernel weight”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 747–1199 · show in text ↑
e1

“final yield of oat.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–334 · show in text ↑
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At low nitrogen supply, spikelet and grain numbers drove yield at low or high planting density.

Organ / stage
paniclee0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Qualifier
low (or high) planting density with low N supplye0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Avena sativa
Avena sativa · TaxonSendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“grain yield was driven by number of spikelets per panicle (NSP) and number of grains per panicle (NGP) at low (or high) planting density with low N supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1229–1383 · show in text ↑
e1

“final yield of oat.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–334 · show in text ↑
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At high nitrogen supply, thousand-kernel weight also contributed to oat yield.

Organ / stage
kernele0
Outcome
yielde0
Qualifier
high N supplye0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Avena sativa
Avena sativa · TaxonSendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“at high N supply, 1000-kernel weight was also an important factor for yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1394–1469 · show in text ↑
e1

“final yield of oat.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–334 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen fertilizer and sowing density significantly affected flag-leaf photosynthesis, grain yield and yield components.

Treatment
Nitrogen fertilizer and sowing densitye0
Outcome
flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield, and yield componentse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Avena sativa
Avena sativa · TaxonSendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nitrogen fertilizer and sowing density had significant (p < 0.05) effects on the flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield, and yield components of oat.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1471–1635 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield components rose and then fell as nitrogen fertilizer increased.

Treatment
nitrogen fertilizere0
Outcome
yield componentse0
Direction
increased and then decreasede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Avena sativa
Avena sativa · TaxonSendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yield components increased and then decreased with the increase in nitrogen fertilizer”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1636–1726 · show in text ↑
e1

“final yield of oat.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–334 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Oat grain yield peaked at 90 kg·ha−1 nitrogen and 180 kg·ha−1 sowing density in both seasons.

Treatment
nitrogen fertilization of 90 kg·ha−1 and sowing density of 180 kg·ha−1e0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Qualifier
both growing seasonse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Avena sativa
Avena sativa · TaxonSendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The maximum values (p < 0.05) of grain yield were observed in the nitrogen fertilization of 90 kg·ha−1 and sowing density of 180 kg·ha−1 treatment in both growing seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1788–1958 · show in text ↑
e1

“final yield of oat.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–334 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend 90 kg·ha−1 nitrogen and 180 kg·ha−1 sowing density for oat production in comparable semiarid regions.

Treatment
nitrogen fertilization of 90 kg·ha−1 and sowing density of 180 kg·ha−1e0
Outcome
oat productione0
Setting
cool semiarid plateaue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Avena sativa
Avena sativa · TaxonSendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combination of nitrogen fertilization of 90 kg·ha−1 and sowing density of 180 kg·ha−1 is suitable for oat production on a cool semiarid plateau or other agroecozones with similar environmental conditions.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2056–2264 · show in text ↑

density · yield · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results

54 papers: 29 positive, 25 negative or no effect

28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

50 papers more in this group

See all 54 papers →

fertilization · yield · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results

160 papers: 143 positive, 17 negative or no effect

142 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

156 papers more in this group

See all 160 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.