Abstract
Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that has been negatively affecting the growth and productivity of rice. However, various salt-resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been known to promote plant growth and alleviate the damaging effects of salt stress via mitigating physio-biochemical and molecular characteristics. This study was conducted to examine the salt stress potential of Bacillus strains identified from harsh environments of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau region of China. The Bacillus strains NMTD17, GBSW22, and FZB42 were screened for their response under different salt stress conditions (1, 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 16%). The screening analysis revealed strains NMTD17, GBSW22, and FZB42 to be high-salt tolerant, moderate-salt tolerant, and salt-sensitive, respectively. The NMTD17 strain produced a strong biofilm, followed by GBSW22 and FZB42. The expression of salt stress-related genes in selected strains was also analyzed through qPCR in various salt concentrations. Further, the Bacillus strains were used in pot experiments to study their growth-promoting ability and antioxidant activities at various concentrations (0, 100, 150, and 200 mmol). The analysis of growth-promoting traits in rice exhibited that NMTD17 had a highly significant effect and GSBW22 had a moderately significant effect in comparison with FZB42. The highly resistant strain NMTD17 that stably promoted rice plant growth was further examined for its function in the composition of rhizobacterial communities. The inoculation of NMTD17 increased the relative abundance and richness of rhizobacterial species. These outcomes propose that NMTD17 possesses the potential of PGPR traits, antioxidants enzyme activities, and reshaping the rhizobacterial community that together mitigate the harmful effects of salinity in rice plants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
NMTD17 was highly salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- NMTD17e0symbiont
- Outcome
- high-salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains NMTD17, GBSW22, and FZB42 to be high-salt tolerant, moderate-salt tolerant, and salt-sensitive, respectively”
t0“rice growth”
Claim · model-written summary
GBSW22 was moderately salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- GBSW22e0symbiont
- Outcome
- moderate-salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains NMTD17, GBSW22, and FZB42 to be high-salt tolerant, moderate-salt tolerant, and salt-sensitive, respectively”
t0“rice growth”
Claim · model-written summary
FZB42 was salt sensitive.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- FZB42e0symbiont
- Outcome
- salt-sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strains NMTD17, GBSW22, and FZB42 to be high-salt tolerant, moderate-salt tolerant, and salt-sensitive, respectively”
t0“rice growth”
Claim · model-written summary
NMTD17 produced a strong biofilm.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- NMTD17e0symbiont
- Outcome
- strong biofilme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The NMTD17 strain produced a strong biofilm”
t0“rice growth”
Claim · model-written summary
NMTD17 had a highly significant growth-promoting effect on rice relative to FZB42.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NMTD17e0
- Interactor
- NMTD17e0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth-promoting traitse0
- Comparator
- FZB42e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The analysis of growth-promoting traits in rice exhibited that NMTD17 had a highly significant effect and GSBW22 had a moderately significant effect in comparison with FZB42”
Claim · model-written summary
GSBW22 had a moderately significant growth-promoting effect relative to FZB42.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- GSBW22e0
- Interactor
- GSBW22e0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth-promoting traitse0
- Comparator
- FZB42e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The analysis of growth-promoting traits in rice exhibited that NMTD17 had a highly significant effect and GSBW22 had a moderately significant effect in comparison with FZB42”
Claim · model-written summary
NMTD17 inoculation increased rhizobacterial relative abundance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculation of NMTD17e0
- Interactor
- NMTD17e0symbiont
- Outcome
- relative abundancee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculation of NMTD17 increased the relative abundance and richness of rhizobacterial species”
t0“rice growth”
Claim · model-written summary
NMTD17 inoculation increased rhizobacterial richness.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculation of NMTD17e0
- Interactor
- NMTD17e0symbiont
- Outcome
- richness of rhizobacterial speciese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculation of NMTD17 increased the relative abundance and richness of rhizobacterial species”
t0“rice growth”
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