Abstract
This investigation was carried out during two successive years (2000 & 2001) in an orchard for sub-tropical fruits located in Abou-Rwash district, Giza Governorate, Egypt. Two rootstocks of avocado (Persea americana Mill.), the salt-tolerant "Hass" and the salt-sensitive "Duke" and two rootstocks of citrus, the salt tolerant "Rangpur" lime (Citrus limonia) and the salt-sensitive "Volkamer" lemon (Citrus votuemerene; were grown in a sandy soil and irrigated daily with nutrient solutions containing various chloride concentrations. Increasing the concentration of chloride resulted in elevated chloride levels in avocado leaves, and toxic symptoms that were more pronounced in the "Duke" than in the "Hass" avocado rootstocks. When leaves of both rootstocks had accumulated similar chloride levels and showed scorching damage, the leaves of "Hass" abscised, while those of "Duke" did not. High chloride reduced the total dry matter yield of the root more than that of the leaves. Addition of nitrate to the irrigation water reduc~d chloride accumulation in the leaves and alleviated its adverse effects. High nitrate reduced phosphorus levels and caused chlorosis in young leaves. Citrus rootstocks responded similarly, but leaves of the chloride-sensitive "Volkamer' accumulated more chloride than "Rangpur". Nitrate reduced chloride accumulation and toxic symptoms in the leaves of the two citrus rootstock.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing chloride raised avocado leaf chloride levels.
- Taxon
- avocado
Persea americanae0 - Treatment
- Increasing the concentration of chloridee0
- Outcome
- chloride levels in avocado leavese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the concentration of chloride resulted in elevated chloride levels in avocado leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride toxicity symptoms were more pronounced in Duke than Hass avocado.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae0
- Material
- "Duke"e0
- Outcome
- toxic symptomse0
- Direction
- more pronouncede0
- Comparator
- "Hass"e0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“toxic symptoms that were more pronounced in the "Duke" than in the "Hass" avocado rootstocks.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hass avocado leaves abscised after chloride accumulation and scorching.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae2
- Material
- "Hass"e0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- abscisede0
- Qualifier
- accumulated similar chloride levels and showed scorching damagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaves of "Hass" abscised”
e1“When leaves of both rootstocks had accumulated similar chloride levels and showed scorching damage”
e2“"Hass" avocado rootstocks”
Claim · model-written summary
High chloride reduced avocado root dry matter yield more than leaf yield.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae1
- Treatment
- High chloridee0
- Outcome
- total dry matter yield of the roote0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High chloride reduced the total dry matter yield of the root more than that of the leaves.”
e1“avocado leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate addition reduced avocado leaf chloride accumulation.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae1
- Treatment
- Addition of nitrate to the irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- chloride accumulation in the leavese0
- Direction
- reduc~de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of nitrate to the irrigation water reduc~d chloride accumulation in the leaves”
e1“avocado leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate addition alleviated adverse chloride effects in avocado leaves.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae1
- Treatment
- Addition of nitrate to the irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- adverse effectse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of nitrate to the irrigation water reduc~d chloride accumulation in the leaves and alleviated its adverse effects.”
e1“avocado leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrate reduced phosphorus levels in avocado.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae1
- Treatment
- High nitratee0
- Outcome
- phosphorus levelse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High nitrate reduced phosphorus levels and caused chlorosis in young leaves.”
e1“avocado leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrate caused chlorosis in young avocado leaves.
- Taxon
- avocadoPersea americanae1
- Treatment
- High nitratee0
- Outcome
- chlorosis in young leavese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High nitrate reduced phosphorus levels and caused chlorosis in young leaves.”
e1“avocado leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Volkamer citrus leaves accumulated more chloride than Rangpur leaves.
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaves of the chloride-sensitive "Volkamer' accumulated more chloride than "Rangpur".”
e1“Citrus rootstocks responded similarly”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate reduced chloride accumulation in citrus rootstock leaves.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrate reduced chloride accumulation and toxic symptoms in the leaves of the two citrus rootstock.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate reduced toxic symptoms in citrus rootstock leaves.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrate reduced chloride accumulation and toxic symptoms in the leaves of the two citrus rootstock.”
The same questions in other papers
chloride · molecular: metabolites · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
chloride · yield · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
nitrogen · physiology: pigments · Persea americana (avocado)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
nitrogen · disease · CitrusPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →nitrogen · molecular: metabolites · CitrusPositive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →nitrogen · nutrient: content · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
irrigation · molecular: metabolites · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
nitrogen · molecular: metabolites · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.