Abstract
Purpose Salt stress is a significant issue in corn cultivation leading to corn yield reduction, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions. Nuclear technologies, along with other standard methods, can be used as an efficient method for mitigating salt stress effects on plants.Materials and methods In this research, gamma irradiation (GI) was studied on seeds in the salt stress amelioration of corn in laboratory and field conditions. A total of five doses of gamma rays (25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy) were applied to corn seeds (SC.703) at the laboratory under saline and control conditions. The best gamma-ray treatment (25 Gy) was selected for studying corn under salt stress in the field condition.Results The length of the radicle, seminal roots and shoot, dry weight of radicle, and seminal roots were affected by salt stress (p <.001). However, GI affected only the radicle and seminal root length (p < .001). The radicle length was decreased as much as 3, 11, 17, 25, and 27% in 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy of GI, respectively. In addition, the seminal root length was decreased in all GI treatments except 25 Gy (p < .05). Plants derived from seeds exposed to GI (25 Gy) had a higher chlorophyll content of 1, 17, and 29% at V3 (third leaf stage), R1 (silk stage, p < .001), and R4 (dough stage, p < .001), respectively. In GI treatment, the soluble carbohydrate content was significantly higher (p < .001) at all three measurement stages and the soluble protein was significantly higher (p < .001) only at the R4 stage. Moreover, proline content was higher in GI (25 Gy) at V3 (58%, p < .05) and R1 (98%, p < .001) treatment stages.Conclusion Since plants from gamma-irradiated seeds had a greater plant weight and their economic traits (cob and grain weight) were higher compared to control plants under salt stress conditions, it can be concluded that a low dose of GI may ameliorate the effect of salt stress on the corn plants.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress affected radicle, seminal root and shoot length and root dry weight.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- length of the radicle, seminal roots and shoote0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The length of the radicle, seminal roots and shoot, dry weight of radicle, and seminal roots were affected by salt stress (p <.001).”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiation affected radicle and seminal root length.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- GIe0
- Outcome
- radicle and seminal root lengthe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GI affected only the radicle and seminal root length (p < .001).”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Radicle length fell by 3% at 25 Gy.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The radicle length was decreased as much as 3, 11, 17, 25, and 27% in 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy of GI, respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Radicle length fell by 11% at 50 Gy.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The radicle length was decreased as much as 3, 11, 17, 25, and 27% in 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy of GI, respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Radicle length fell by 17% at 100 Gy.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The radicle length was decreased as much as 3, 11, 17, 25, and 27% in 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy of GI, respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Radicle length fell by 25% at 150 Gy.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The radicle length was decreased as much as 3, 11, 17, 25, and 27% in 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy of GI, respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Radicle length fell by 27% at 200 Gy.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- 200 Gy of GIe0
- Outcome
- radicle lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 27%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The radicle length was decreased as much as 3, 11, 17, 25, and 27% in 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy of GI, respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seminal root length decreased after gamma irradiation except at 25 Gy.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- GI treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seminal root lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- except 25 Gye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seminal root length was decreased in all GI treatments except 25 Gy (p < .05).”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed irradiation at 25 Gy increased chlorophyll content by 1% at V3.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- V3e0
- Treatment
- GI (25 Gy)e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants derived from seeds exposed to GI (25 Gy) had a higher chlorophyll content of 1, 17, and 29% at V3 (third leaf stage), R1 (silk stage, p < .001), and R4 (dough stage, p < .001), respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed irradiation at 25 Gy increased chlorophyll content by 17% at R1.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- R1e0
- Treatment
- GI (25 Gy)e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 17e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants derived from seeds exposed to GI (25 Gy) had a higher chlorophyll content of 1, 17, and 29% at V3 (third leaf stage), R1 (silk stage, p < .001), and R4 (dough stage, p < .001), respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed irradiation at 25 Gy increased chlorophyll content by 29% at R4.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- R4e0
- Treatment
- GI (25 Gy)e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 29%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants derived from seeds exposed to GI (25 Gy) had a higher chlorophyll content of 1, 17, and 29% at V3 (third leaf stage), R1 (silk stage, p < .001), and R4 (dough stage, p < .001), respectively.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed irradiation increased soluble carbohydrate at all three stages.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- GI treatmente0
- Outcome
- soluble carbohydrate contente0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In GI treatment, the soluble carbohydrate content was significantly higher (p < .001) at all three measurement stages”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed irradiation increased soluble protein only at R4.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- R4e0
- Outcome
- soluble proteine0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soluble protein was significantly higher (p < .001) only at the R4 stage.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed irradiation increased proline by 58% at V3.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- V3e0
- Treatment
- GI (25 Gy)e0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 58%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proline content was higher in GI (25 Gy) at V3 (58%, p < .05) and R1 (98%, p < .001) treatment stages.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed irradiation increased proline by 98% at R1.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- R1e0
- Treatment
- GI (25 Gy)e0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 98%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proline content was higher in GI (25 Gy) at V3 (58%, p < .05) and R1 (98%, p < .001) treatment stages.”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiated seed produced heavier plants under salt stress.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- gamma-irradiated seedse0
- Outcome
- plant weighte0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants from gamma-irradiated seeds had a greater plant weight and their economic traits (cob and grain weight) were higher compared to control plants under salt stress conditions”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiated seed increased cob and grain weight under salt stress.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- gamma-irradiated seedse0
- Outcome
- cob and grain weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants from gamma-irradiated seeds had a greater plant weight and their economic traits (cob and grain weight) were higher compared to control plants under salt stress conditions”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded low-dose gamma irradiation may ameliorate corn salt stress.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- a low dose of GI may ameliorate the effect of salt stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it can be concluded that a low dose of GI may ameliorate the effect of salt stress on the corn plants.”
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