Abstract
Copper, an essential trace element, is vital for living organisms’ survival; however, despite its importance, an excessive amount of this micro-nutrient can cause harmful effects to plants and animals. The present study investigates Cu bio-transfer across multi-trophic food chain comprising soil (spiked with various concentrations of Cu), eggplant (Solanum melongena), mealybug (Ferrisia virgata), and ladybird (Nephus ryuguus). Soils were spiked with Cu at rates of 0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg (w/w). A dose-dependent increase in the levels of Cu in plant, mealybug, and ladybird was observed in response to Cu contents of soil. Different Cu amendment caused a significant reduction in the average root and shoot dry weights per plant as well as the average body weights of F. virgata and N. ryuguus. Our findings affirmed the importance of additional research to explain the processes involved in the bio-transfer of copper across the food chain.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Soil copper dose increased copper levels in eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplant
Solanum melongenae1 - Treatment
- Cu contents of soile0
- Outcome
- levels of Cu in plante0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A dose-dependent increase in the levels of Cu in plant, mealybug, and ladybird was observed in response to Cu contents of soil”
e1“eggplant (Solanum melongena)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil copper dose increased copper levels in mealybugs.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- Cu contents of soile0
- Interactor
- mealybuge1pest
- Outcome
- levels of Cu in plant, mealybuge0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A dose-dependent increase in the levels of Cu in plant, mealybug, and ladybird was observed in response to Cu contents of soil”
e1“eggplant (Solanum melongena), mealybug (Ferrisia virgata)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil copper dose increased copper levels in ladybirds.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- Cu contents of soile0
- Interactor
- ladybirde1other
- Outcome
- levels of Cu in plant, mealybug, and ladybirde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A dose-dependent increase in the levels of Cu in plant, mealybug, and ladybird was observed in response to Cu contents of soil”
e1“eggplant (Solanum melongena), mealybug (Ferrisia virgata), and ladybird (Nephus ryuguus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper amendment significantly reduced eggplant root dry weight.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- Cu amendmente0
- Outcome
- roote0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different Cu amendment caused a significant reduction in the average root and shoot dry weights per plant”
e1“eggplant (Solanum melongena)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper amendment significantly reduced eggplant shoot dry weight.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- Cu amendmente0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weights per plante0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different Cu amendment caused a significant reduction in the average root and shoot dry weights per plant”
e1“eggplant (Solanum melongena)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper amendment significantly reduced mealybug body weight.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- Cu amendmente0
- Interactor
- Ferrisia virgata
Ferrisia virgatae1pest - Outcome
- average body weights of F. virgatae0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different Cu amendment caused a significant reduction in the average root and shoot dry weights per plant as well as the average body weights of F. virgata and N. ryuguus”
e1“eggplant (Solanum melongena), mealybug (Ferrisia virgata)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper amendment significantly reduced ladybird body weight.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- Cu amendmente0
- Interactor
- Nephus ryuguusNephus ryuguuse1other
- Outcome
- average body weights of F. virgata and N. ryuguuse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different Cu amendment caused a significant reduction in the average root and shoot dry weights per plant as well as the average body weights of F. virgata and N. ryuguus”
e1“eggplant (Solanum melongena), mealybug (Ferrisia virgata), and ladybird (Nephus ryuguus)”
The same questions in other papers
copper atom · growth · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
other · growth · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.