Abstract
Two varieties of peanut seeds (Giza 4 and Giza 5) were obtained from Agriculture Research Center at Giza. Seeds were used for rearing beetle of Calosobruchus maculatus F. and studying the effect of high temperature and storage for one year on certain biological aspects of C. maculatus and chemical composition of peanut seeds. The obtained results revealed that: peanut seeds Giza 4 are more sensitive to be attacked by C. maculatus than Giza 5 variety, the tested peanut varieties had a highly significant effect on the developmental period and the adult beetles production, it was 27.58 + 2.9, 30.60 + 1.40 days for developmental period and total individuals production per female was 41.46 and 38.78 individuals for Giza 4 and Giza 5, respectively. This beetle could be physically controlled by exposing the initially infested seeds to 60oC for 5 minutes in the same time, chemical composition of heated peanut seeds slightly affected compared with control (unheated seeds). Effect of storage time on total egg production of C. maculatus female, developmental period and chemical composition of stored peanut seeds was high significantly. Protein content had slight increase with increasing of storage time, developmental period of this beetle extended to decrease with increased temperature, it was 21.92 + 0.74 at 30.7oC when protein content was 23.62 %, fat 52.28%, Ash 3.23% and carbohydrate 20.87%. On the other hand, storage caused decreasing in moisture and carbohydrate content of stored peanut seeds while fat and ash content were increased with increasing the time of storage. Essential amino acids were decreased as a result to increasing the time of storage and decreasing of developmental period this means increasing of insect population and degree of infestation. In addition, storage of peanut seeds caused decreasing in the percentage of total unsaturated, total essential fatty acids and iodine number while caused increasing in acid value, free fatty acids and peroxide value of peanut oil.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut variety Giza 4 was more sensitive to attack by C. maculatus than Giza 5.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Material
- Giza 4e0
- Interactor
- C. maculatuse0pest
- Outcome
- sensitive to be attackede0
- Comparator
- Giza 5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peanut seeds Giza 4 are more sensitive to be attacked by C. maculatus than Giza 5 variety”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut variety had a highly significant effect on the developmental period of the beetle, 27.58 + 2.9 and 30.60 + 1.40 days for Giza 4 and Giza 5.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- Giza 4 and Giza 5e1
- Interactor
- beetlesColeopterae0pest
- Outcome
- developmental periode0
- Value
- 27.58 + 2.9, 30.60 + 1.40 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the tested peanut varieties had a highly significant effect on the developmental period and the adult beetles production”
e1“27.58 + 2.9, 30.60 + 1.40 days for developmental period and total individuals production per female was 41.46 and 38.78 individuals for Giza 4 and Giza 5, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut variety had a highly significant effect on adult beetle production, total individuals per female being 41.46 and 38.78 for Giza 4 and Giza 5.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- Giza 4 and Giza 5e1
- Interactor
- beetlesColeopterae0pest
- Outcome
- adult beetles productione0
- Value
- 41.46 and 38.78 individualse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the tested peanut varieties had a highly significant effect on the developmental period and the adult beetles production”
e1“27.58 + 2.9, 30.60 + 1.40 days for developmental period and total individuals production per female was 41.46 and 38.78 individuals for Giza 4 and Giza 5, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposing initially infested peanut seeds to 60oC for 5 minutes could physically control the beetle.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- exposing the initially infested seeds to 60oC for 5 minutese0
- Interactor
- beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- physically controllede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“This beetle could be physically controlled by exposing the initially infested seeds to 60oC for 5 minutes”
Claim · model-written summary
The chemical composition of heated peanut seeds was only slightly affected compared with unheated control seeds.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- heatede0
- Outcome
- chemical compositione0
- Comparator
- unheated seedse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“chemical composition of heated peanut seeds slightly affected compared with control (unheated seeds)”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage time had a highly significant effect on total egg production per C. maculatus female and on developmental period.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- storage timee0
- Interactor
- C. maculatuse0pest
- Outcome
- total egg production of C. maculatus female, developmental periode0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effect of storage time on total egg production of C. maculatus female, developmental period and chemical composition of stored peanut seeds was high significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage time had a highly significant effect on the chemical composition of stored peanut seeds.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- storage timee0
- Outcome
- chemical compositione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Effect of storage time on total egg production of C. maculatus female, developmental period and chemical composition of stored peanut seeds was high significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content of peanut seeds showed a slight increase with increasing storage time.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- increasing of storage timee0
- Outcome
- Protein contente0
- Direction
- slight increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“Protein content had slight increase with increasing of storage time”
Claim · model-written summary
The beetle developmental period decreased with increased temperature, being 21.92 + 0.74 at 30.7oC.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- increased temperaturee0
- Interactor
- beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- developmental periode0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 21.92 + 0.74e0
- Qualifier
- 30.7oCe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“developmental period of this beetle extended to decrease with increased temperature, it was 21.92 + 0.74 at 30.7oC”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut seed protein content was 23.62 % at 30.7oC.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Value
- 23.62 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“protein content was 23.62 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut seed fat content was 52.28% at 30.7oC.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- fate0
- Value
- 52.28%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“fat 52.28%”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut seed ash content was 3.23% at 30.7oC.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- Ashe0
- Value
- 3.23%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“Ash 3.23%”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut seed carbohydrate content was 20.87% at 30.7oC.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- carbohydratee0
- Value
- 20.87%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“carbohydrate 20.87%”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage decreased moisture and carbohydrate content of stored peanut seeds.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- storagee0
- Outcome
- moisture and carbohydrate contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“storage caused decreasing in moisture and carbohydrate content of stored peanut seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Fat and ash content of peanut seeds increased with increasing storage time.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- increasing the time of storagee0
- Outcome
- fat and ash contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“fat and ash content were increased with increasing the time of storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential amino acids of peanut seeds decreased with increasing storage time.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- increasing the time of storagee0
- Outcome
- Essential amino acidse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“PEANUT SEEDS”
e0“Essential amino acids were decreased as a result to increasing the time of storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage of peanut seeds decreased the percentage of total unsaturated and total essential fatty acids and the iodine number.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- storagee0
- Outcome
- percentage of total unsaturated, total essential fatty acids and iodine numbere0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“storage of peanut seeds caused decreasing in the percentage of total unsaturated, total essential fatty acids and iodine number”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage of peanut seeds increased the acid value, free fatty acids and peroxide value of peanut oil.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- storagee0
- Outcome
- acid value, free fatty acids and peroxide valuee1
- Direction
- increasinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“storage of peanut seeds”
e1“caused increasing in acid value, free fatty acids and peroxide value of peanut oil”
The same questions in other papers
infection · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.