Abstract
Zeolite-clinoptilolite is a hydrated aluminosilicate, which belongs to a group of minerals of volcanic origin and possesses interesting agricultural properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of zeolite-clinoptilolite on Solanum lycopersicum Mill. seedling growth, when supplied to substrate in pot culture. An assay was set to test and compare the physical properties of three substrates: peat moss (pm), perlite (per) and zeolite (zeo), and their mixtures (pm:per:zeo) at different proportions: T1 or control = 100:0:0; T2 = 70:30:0; T3 = 70:20:10; T4 = 70:10:20 and T5 = 70:0:30 (v/v). Compared to control plants, substrates containing 30% zeolite increased their water holding capacity (260%), total porosity (8.47%), bulk density (212%) and particle density (230%). Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%), however, the chlorophyll index had no significant effects. The overall outcomes indicated that substrates amendment with zeolite could effectively improve tomato plants growth.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite increased substrate water holding capacity by 260% versus control.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum Mill
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- water holding capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 260%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to control plants, substrates containing 30% zeolite increased their water holding capacity (260%), total porosity (8.47%), bulk density (212%) and particle density (230%).”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite increased substrate total porosity by 8.47% versus control.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- total porositye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8.47%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to control plants, substrates containing 30% zeolite increased their water holding capacity (260%), total porosity (8.47%), bulk density (212%) and particle density (230%).”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite increased substrate bulk density by 212% versus control.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- bulk densitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 212%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to control plants, substrates containing 30% zeolite increased their water holding capacity (260%), total porosity (8.47%), bulk density (212%) and particle density (230%).”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite increased substrate particle density by 230% versus control.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- particle densitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 230%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to control plants, substrates containing 30% zeolite increased their water holding capacity (260%), total porosity (8.47%), bulk density (212%) and particle density (230%).”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite significantly improved tomato seedling shoot length by 24.2% versus 100% peat moss.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 24.2%e0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%)”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite significantly improved tomato seedling leaf area by 64.5% versus 100% peat moss.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 64.5%e0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%)”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite significantly improved tomato seedling root length by 63.2% versus 100% peat moss.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 63.2%e0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%)”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite significantly improved tomato seedling shoot dry weight by 62.5% versus 100% peat moss.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 62.5%e0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%)”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite significantly improved tomato seedling root dry biomass by 208.9% versus 100% peat moss.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- root dry biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 208.9%e0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%)”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite significantly improved tomato seedling stem diameter by 28.5% versus 100% peat moss.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- stem diametere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 28.5%e0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%)”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite significantly improved tomato seedling leaves number by 92% versus 100% peat moss.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee0
- Outcome
- leaves numbere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 92%e0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Related to control plants grown with 100% peat moss, tomato seedlings cultured in a substrate mixture with 30% zeolite significantly improved shoot length (24.2%), leaf area (64.5%), root length (63.2%), shoot dry weight (62.5%), root dry biomass (208.9%), stem diameter (28.5%) and leaves number (92%)”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
Claim · model-written summary
30% zeolite did not significantly affect the chlorophyll index.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum MillSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30% zeolitee1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll indexe0
- Direction
- no significant effectse0
- Comparator
- 100% peat mosse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“however, the chlorophyll index had no significant effects.”
e1“substrate mixture with 30% zeolite”
e2“control plants grown with 100% peat moss”
t0“Solanum lycopersicum Mill”
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