Abstract
Winemaking is a well-known process that includes several steps in the production of grape must and wine. Grape marc, or bagasse, is a byproduct of wine production that can be vermicomposted and used as organic fertilizer. Grape marc vermicompost has microbial communities that are richer and more stable than grape marc alone, and its addition to a vineyard’s terroir can improve grape yields and wine quality. Here we compare the must and wine microbiota of Mencía from grapevines treated with and without (standard fertilization) vermicompost derived from Mencía grape marc. Mencía is a high-quality red wine broadly grown in Galicia, Spain, and is appreciated for its fresh acidity and fruity flavors. When Mencía grapevines are treated with vermicompost derived from its grape marc, Mencía vines increase their grape production, and the final wine improves its organoleptic properties. Metataxonomic analyses of the bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS gene regions showed that Mencía must and wine have the distinct taxonomic composition (phyla, genera and ASVs—amplicon sequence variants) of bacterial and fungal groups. Must and wine bacteriotas and mycobiotas show no significant variation in alpha-diversity, while wine bacteriotas and mycobiotas show significant differences in microbial structure (beta-diversity) between treated and control grapevines. Likewise, the functional diversity and predicted metabolic pathways (biosynthesis, degradation/utilization/assimilation, generation of precursor metabolites and energy, macromolecule modification and superpathways) of the must and wine microbiota also show significant changes. Our study proposes that changes in the abundance of microbial taxa and the metabolic processes they undergo during winemaking may improve Mencía’s organoleptic properties and productivity.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Must and wine bacteriotas and mycobiotas showed no significant variation in alpha-diversity with vermicompost compared with standard fertilization.
- Treatment
- vermicompost derived from Mencía grape marce0
- Outcome
- alpha-diversitye1
- Direction
- no significant variatione1
- Comparator
- standard fertilizatione0
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here we compare the must and wine microbiota of Mencía from grapevines treated with and without (standard fertilization) vermicompost derived from Mencía grape marc”
e1“Must and wine bacteriotas and mycobiotas show no significant variation in alpha-diversity”
Claim · model-written summary
Wine bacteriotas and mycobiotas differed significantly in microbial structure (beta-diversity) between vermicompost-treated and control grapevines.
- Treatment
- vermicompost derived from Mencía grape marce0
- Outcome
- microbial structure (beta-diversity)e1
- Comparator
- standard fertilizatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here we compare the must and wine microbiota of Mencía from grapevines treated with and without (standard fertilization) vermicompost derived from Mencía grape marc”
e1“wine bacteriotas and mycobiotas show significant differences in microbial structure (beta-diversity) between treated and control grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Functional diversity and predicted metabolic pathways of the must and wine microbiota changed significantly with vermicompost treatment.
- Treatment
- vermicompost derived from Mencía grape marce0
- Outcome
- functional diversity and predicted metabolic pathwayse1
- Comparator
- standard fertilizatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here we compare the must and wine microbiota of Mencía from grapevines treated with and without (standard fertilization) vermicompost derived from Mencía grape marc”
e1“the functional diversity and predicted metabolic pathways (biosynthesis, degradation/utilization/assimilation, generation of precursor metabolites and energy, macromolecule modification and superpathways) of the must and wine microbiota also show significant changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Must and wine of Mencía have distinct taxonomic composition of bacterial and fungal groups.
Verbatim
e0“Metataxonomic analyses of the bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS gene regions showed that Mencía must and wine have the distinct taxonomic composition”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that changes in microbial taxa abundance and the metabolic processes of the microbes during winemaking may improve Mencía organoleptic properties and productivity.
Verbatim
e0“changes in the abundance of microbial taxa and the metabolic processes they undergo during winemaking may improve Mencía’s organoleptic properties and productivity”
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